Table 3.
Adjusted hazard ratios and 95% confidence interval for the air pollution score with the risk of incident heart failure in the UK Biobank study
| Air pollution score (quintiles) |
P for trend | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q5 | ||
| Cases/N | 677/86506 | 819/86 506 | 850/86 506 | 890/86 506 | 965/86 506 | |
| Model 1a | 1.00 | 1.23 (1.11–1.36) | 1.32 (1.19–1.46) | 1.43 (1.30–1.58) | 1.67 (1.51–1.84) | <0.001 |
| Model 2b | 1.00 | 1.16 (1.05–1.28) | 1.19 (1.08–1.32) | 1.21 (1.09–1.35) | 1.31 (1.17–1.48) | <0.001 |
CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio.
a
Adjusted for age and sex.
b
Adjusted for age, sex, race (white European, mixed, South Asian, black, others), UK Biobank assessment centre, Townsend Deprivation index, alcohol consumption (current, former, never, missing), smoking status (current, former, never, missing), body mass index (kg/m2), physical activity (MET-min/week), healthy diet score (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5), diabetes (yes/no), hypertension (yes/no), systolic blood pressure (mmHg), and diastolic blood pressure (mmHg).