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Structural properties of the enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus SARS-CoV-2 and mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 entry into host cells. Critical viral components include Envelope (E), Membrane (M), Nucleocapsid (N), and Spike (S) proteins. The S protein consists of two subunits (S1 and S2) and plays a major role in the infection of host cells, as the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the S protein binds to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor on host cells.
