Table 2.

The comparison of 1,3-diolein synthesis using free/immobilized lipase catalytic process reported in the literature with the present work.

Process parameters	Enzyme immobilized	1,3-diolein yield (%)	References
Temp-45 ${}^{\circ }$C, 200 rpm, molar ratio of oleic acid / monoolein of 1.5, solvent weight of 80% (oleic acid), and water activity of 0.33	Lipozyme TL IM	–	Dai et al.46
Ratio of 1,3-diolein to 1,2-diolein -7:1, Specific activity of enzyme- 34.5U/g, Incubation temp-50 ${}^{\circ }$C, Flow rate-1.5 ml/min	Lipase	86	Bi et al.47
Final concentration of 1,3-DAG- > 76%, Molar ratio oleic acid to glycerol- 2.8:1	Rhizopus oryzae lipase	> 76	Zhao et al.48
Temp-40 ${}^{\circ }$C, 12 h, Centrifuge-5000 rpm, Diethyl ether/ Hexane ratio-1:1v/v	Immobilized lipase from Penicillium Expansum	87.3	Duan et al.49
Temp- 45 ${}^{\circ }$C, 200 rpm, Molar ratio of oleic acid and glycerol-1:0.4	Lipozyme TL IM	61.1	Wang et al.50
Temp- 30 ${}^{\circ }$C-35 ${}^{\circ }$C, Duration-8 h	Novozyme 435, Lipozyme RM IM	90.4	Wang et al.21
Temp- 60 ${}^{\circ }$C, Molar ratio of oleic acid to monoleic-1.2:1	Novozyme 435	93.7	Duan et al.20
Temp-62.4 ${}^{\circ }$C, Molar ratio of oleic acid to glycerol-2.4 and 4.8	Novozyme 435	87.8	Duan et al.27
Water activity-0.53, Column temp-40 ${}^{\circ }$C, Drift pipe Temp-70 ${}^{\circ }$C, Nitrogen pressure-320 KPa	Novozyme 435	24.1	Duan et al.52
Temp-60 ${}^{\circ }$C, 200 rpm	Novozyme 435	81.4	Duan et al.53
Melting point- < 45 ${}^{\circ }$C, Pressure-3 mmHg Vaccum	Rhizomucor miehei lipase	84.6	Rosu et al.54
Nano particle synthesis: 0.01 M FeCl3 and Bauhinia tomentosa leaves extract in 1:1 ratio 1,3 diolein synthesis: Reaction temperature-55 ${}^{\circ }$C; molar ratio-2.5:1; pH-7	Porcine pancreatic lipase immobilized on iron oxide nano particles	94	Present work