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. 2021 Apr 21;11:8672. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-87986-2

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fabrication of the AGC device. (a) The production process for producing a size-controlled macro-porous glass (MPG) membrane. (b) A photograph and SEM image of the MPG membrane. (c,d) An image (c) and photograph (d) of the advanced glass membrane column (AGC) device. The MPG membrane in the AGC device was sandwiched by washers. The AGC device was composed of two parts (upper part: EV collection, lower part: supernatant collection). (e) The surface area (m²/g) and porosity rate (%) of the membranes (outside diameter: 7.0 mm, thickness: 1.0 mm, pore size: Φ150, Φ300, Φ600, Φ1200 nm). (f) The adsorption rate (%) of IgG in the non-PEG coated and PEG coated MPG membranes. (g) The adsorption rate (%) of dsDNA (25 bp, 200 bp, 500 bp) in the PEG coated MPG membranes.