. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Aug 1.

Published in final edited form as: Psychol Addict Behav. 2020 Oct 22;35(5):609–620. doi: 10.1037/adb0000612

Table 3.

Results of multilevel models examining associations among negative affect, negative social exchanges, and positive social exchanges with same-day craving.

	Model 1		Model 2

Fixed effects	Estimate	95% CI	Estimate	95% CI	ΔR²

Intercept	6.27^*	4.23, 8.23	6.31^*	4.09, 8.27	--
Day of study	−0.06^*	−0.11, −0.01	−0.06^*	−0.11, −0.01	0.01
Age	−0.05^*	−0.10, −0.004	−0.05^*	−0.09, 0.00	0.01
Sex	−0.34	−1.41, 0.73	−0.40	−1.53, 0.60	0.004
Person-level NA	0.08^*	0.05, 0.11	0.08^*	0.05, 0.11	0.25
Person-level PSE	−0.06	−0.24, 0.09	−0.08	−0.25, 0.10	0.01
Person-level NSE	0.26	−0.07, 0.61	0.28	−0.08, 0.67	0.09
Previous day’s craving	0.19^*	0.10, 0.29	0.18^*	0.09, 0.28	0.13
Day-level NA	0.05^*	0.03, 0.07	0.05^*	0.03, 0.07	0.04
Day-level PSE	−0.01	−0.07, 0.05	−0.01	−0.06, 0.04	0.002
Day-level NSE	0.08^*	0.002, 0.16	0.08^*	0.001, 0.16	0.005
Day-level NA × PSE			−0.01^*	−0.01, −0.001	0.002
Day-level NA × NSE			0.003	−0.01, 0.01	0.00
Day-level NSE × PSE			0.004	−0.02, 0.03	0.001

Random effects	Estimate	95% CI	Estimate	95% CI

Intercept	1.54^*	1.13, 2.02	1.56^*	1.14, 2.05
Day-level NA	0.03^*	0.00, 0.04	0.03^*	0.00, 0.04
Day-level craving (lag-1)	0.09^*	0.00, 0.13	0.10^*	0.00, 0.14
Day-level PSE	0.05^*	0.00, 0.09	0.04^*	0.00, 0.09
Int., NA slope corr.	−0.001	−0.02, 0.01	−0.002	−0.02, 0.01
Int., craving slope corr.	−0.12^*	−0.20, −0.05	−0.12^*	−0.20, −0.05
Int., PSE slope corr.	−0.02	−0.06, 0.03	−0.01	−0.06, 0.03
Residual	1.53^*	1.41, 1.63	1.53^*	1.40, 1.63

Note. N = 564.

= p ≤ 0.05. NA = Negative affect. PSE = Positive social exchanges. NSE = Negative social exchanges. Int. = Intercept. Corr. = Correlation. ΔR² = Change in pseudo-R².