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. 2021 Apr 8;9:649937. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.649937

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Copyright © 2021 Miah, Goh and Haniffa.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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(A) A scheme showing the functional timeline and earliest characterization of mononuclear phagocytes and the pathways involved (red) from the yolk sac into the fetal liver (Migliaccio et al., 1986; Ginhoux and Jung, 2014; Hoeffel and Ginhoux, 2015; Bian et al., 2020), thymus, spleen, gut, skin, lungs (alveolar macrophages denoted with ** as they arise post-natally) detected from 11 post-conception weeks (Audiger et al., 2017), and bone marrow. Arrows show the journey of circulating monocytes before tissue infiltration. Surface markers of monocytes and tissue residing mononuclear phagocytes are in yellow. *Data from mouse studies – may not have been verified in human studies. YS, yolk sac; P-Sp, para-aortic-splanchnopleura; AGM, aorta-gonad-mesonephros; BM, bone marrow; CS, Carnegie stage; PCW, post-conception weeks. Figures were produced with assistance from Biorender.com. (B) A schematic showing how markers for cell states were manually curated and used to compute predicted protein interaction networks. All markers and predicted networks curated are available on an interactive online portal: (https://developmentcellatlas.ncl.ac.uk/MPS_development_review).