TABLE 2.
Lipid metabolism-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and enriched signaling pathways.
| Pathway | DEGs |
|
| Upregulated | Downregulated | |
| Ether lipid metabolism | AGPS, PPAP2, SPLA2, CEPT1, PLD1, PLD2 | ENPP2, PAFAH2, EPT1, PLA2G12A, PAFAH1B2, PAFAH1B1, MAPKBP1 |
| Sphingolipid metabolism | GLA, SPTLC2, SPTLC3, SGMS, PPAP2, GLB1, KDSR, SGMS2, UGCG, SGPL1 | CERK, ACER2, SGPP1, GALC, SPT, SPTLC1, ASAH1, SPHK1, DPL1, LACZASAH1, CER, ACER12, B4GALT6 |
| Alpha-linolenic acid metabolism | ACOX1, BDHAB, CYP1A2, COX1, SPLA2 | PLA2G12A, FADS2, FADA, FADIA |
| Linoleic acid metabolism | PTGS1, BDHAB | PLA2G12A, MAPKBP1, CYP2J2, CYP2C40, CYP2E1 |
| Arachidonic acid metabolism | PTGS2, ATS2, EPHX2, COX1, CBR3, CBR1 | CYP2U1, PLA2G12A, CYP4F3, GGT5, LTC4S, PTGES, CYP4A11, K15717, ALDH3A2 |
| Glycerolipid metabolism | LPIN1, PLSC, LCLAT1, ALDH9A1, PPAP, GPAT12, SHROOM4, GLA, DGAT2 | DGKA, DGKD, ALDH3A2, DGKH, AGPAT1, DGKQ, MOGAT3, GPAT4, GPAT3, ADH, LIP, ATS2, ACT2, DGAT1 |
| Biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids | ACNAT, ELOVL5, ACOX1 | ACOT7, FADS2, TECR, ACAA1, BAAT, RPB1, PTPLB |
| Steroid hormone biosynthesis | PGFS, UGT2B7 | CYP7B1, CYP1B1, CYP1A1, AKR1C2, AKR1C4, AKR1C, HSD11B1, HSD11B2, |
| Steroid biosynthesis | SOAT1, ACNAT2, ACOT8, PODNL1, TM7SF2 | CYP2R1, SC5DL, AKR1C4, HSD17B4, SCP2, ERG24, LBR, ERG3 |
| MAPK signaling pathway | AKT2, AKT3 | PLA2G12A, TNFRSF1A, CHUK, IKBKB, MAPK8 |
| Fatty acid degradation | FADA, HELZ, ADIPOQ, C5ORF25, MFSD4, CPT, ACOX1, FADD, ACOX3, ACSL1, ACSL3, ACSL4, ACSL6 | CPT1A, ALDH3A2, ACADL, ACAT1, HADHB, ECHS1, CYP4A11, ACAA1, PAAF, ECHDC3, HADHA |
| Fatty acid elongation | ELOVL5, C5ORF25 | HADHB, ECHS1, ACAA2, SMR3A, HELZ, PTPLB, HACD, TECR, ACOT7 |
| Fatty acid biosynthesis | FASN, ACACA, CBR4 | TNS, TENC1 |
| Fat digestion and absorption | ABCA1, DGAT2, AGPAT1, LPPR3 | CD36, APOA1, PLA2G12A, SCARB1, MOGAT3, MAPKBP1, GOT2, CALB2, LPAAT |
| Adipocytokine signaling pathway | AKT2, AKT3, ACSL1, ACSL3, ACSL4, ACSL6, ACACA, ACACB, CD36, SLC27A2, FADD, G6PC, RXRB, OPTN | MAPK8, PRKAB1, PRKAB2, IRS2,CPT1A, ADIPOR2, ADIPOQ, PPARA, PPCK1, C1QTNF9, RXRA, PTPN11, LEP, CAMKK2, JAK2, STAT3, TNFRSF1A, TNFRSF1B, CHUK, IKBKB, MTOR, SLC2A4, NFKBIA, NFKBIB, ACSBG2, PCK2, PEPCK, STK11, C1QTNF1, PRKAG2 |
| PPAR signaling pathway | FABP3, FABP4, SLC27A2, SLC27A6, ACSL1, ACSL3, ACSL4, ACSL6, PLIN1, ANGPTL4, SORBS1, PDPK | ADIPOQ, ACADL, AQP7, APOA1, SCP2, APM-1, ACAA1, CPT1A, ACOX1, ACOX2, C1QTNF1, CYP4A11, FADS2, PPCK1, PMP2, RXRA, RXRB, DBI, C1QTNF9, TRIM56 |
| Insulin signaling pathway | ACACA, SORBS1, FASN, AKT2, AKT3, G6PC, PRKAA1, PRKAB2 | MAPK8, PPCK1, IRS4, IKBKB, PDPK1, PRKAG2, SLC2A4, MTOR |
| Metabolic pathways | FASN, LPIN1, CDS2, PLD1, AGPS, PLD2, UGCG, SGMS2, AGPAT9, G6PC, DGAT2, GPAM, SGPL1, AGPAT6, TM7SF2, CBR3, GLB1, DGKE, SPTLC2, SPTLC3, ACOX1, PTGS2, EPT1, ETNK1, ACACA, ACSL1, ACSL3, ACSL4, ACSL6 | PGS1, ACADL, IRS2, CYP2U1, PPCK1, ALDH3A2, PAFAH2, ACAT1, CYP2R1, HADHB, PLA2G12A, PAFAH1B2, CYP4F3, PCYT1A, HSD11B1, KDSR, SC5DL, PAFAH1B1, BDH1, AGPAT1, GGT5, DGKQ, LTC4S, ASAH1, AKR1A1, ECHS1, HSD11B2, CYP1A1, UGT2B, SPHK1, CYP4A11, ACAA1, DGKA, DGKD, ACER2, GALC, DGKH, SPTLC1, PTGES |
| Glycerophospholipid metabolism | EPT1, CDS2, PLD1, GPD1L, AGPAT9, PLD2, GPD2, AGPAT6, ETNK1, LCLAT1, GPAM, DGKE | PGS1, DGKA, DGKD, PLA2G12A, LPGAT1, PCYT1A, LYPLA1, PCYT2, GPD1, DGKH, DGKQ, AGPAT1 |