| (Question Analytical Cross-sectional Studies) | AlSarheed, 201112 | Asokan et al, 201626 | Babaji et al, 201836 | Bahammam, 201935 | Cohen, 197316 | Jayakaran et al, 201719 | Kamavaram Ellore et al, 201513 | Kuscu, et al, 200914 | Medrano Garcia and Castillo Cevallos, 201017 | Mistry and Tahmassebi, 200927 | Molinari, 199228 | Nirmala et al, 201529 | Panda et al, 201415 | Panda and Shah, 201518 | Patır Münevveroğlu et al, 201410 | Ravikumar et al, 20168 | Souza-Constantino et al, 201834 | Subramanian and Rajasekaran, 201630 | Tong et al, 201431 | Westphal, 201732 | Yahyaoglu et al, 201833 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Were the criteria for inclusion in the sample clearly defined? | Y | Y | U | U | Y | Y | U | U | U | Y | U | Y | Y | U | U | Y | U | U | Y | U | U |
| 2. Were the study subjects and the setting described in detail? | Y | Y | Y | U | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | U | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | U | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| 3. Was the exposure measured in a valid and reliable way? | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| 4. Were objective, standard criteria used for measurement of the condition? | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| 5. Were confounding factors identified? | Y | Y | U | Y | Y | N | N | U | N | N | U | Y | N | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | U | N | Y |
| 6. Were strategies to deal with confounding factors stated? | Y | Y | U | U | Y | N | N | U | N | N | U | Y | N | N | Y | Y | U | Y | U | N | Y |
| 7. Were the outcomes measured in a valid and reliable way? | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| 8. Was appropriate statistical analysis used? | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| %Yes/Risk | 100 | 100 | 42.8 | 57.1 | 100 | 71.4 | 57.1 | 57.1 | 57.1 | 71.4 | 42.8 | 100 | 71.4 | 57.1 | 85.7 | 100 | 57.1 | 85.7 | 71.4 | 57.1 | 85.7 |
| Overall | low | low | high | mod | low | low | mod | mod | mod | low | high | low | low | mod | low | low | mod | low | low | mod | low |
*
Y = Yes, N = No, U = Unclear, NA = Not applicable