Table 4.

Factors associated with symptoms of dysphagia in patients with OSA (N = 794): a multivariate analysis

	OR (CI 95%)	p
Age	1.01 (0.98–1.02)	0.623
Gender (F)	2.31 (1.44–3.70)	0.001
AHI severity		0.366
Mild vs moderate/severe	0.70 (0.41–1.19)	0.188
Moderate vs mild/severe	0.75 (0.43–1.32)	0.322
ESS ≥ 10	2.24 (1.38–3.63)	0.001
GERD-Q ≥ 8	2.75 (1.70–4.45)	< 0.001
N comorbidities	0.99 (0.83–1.20)	0.985
N symptoms	1.25 (1.08–1.45)	0.002
Anxiety/Depression	1.89 (1.17–3.06)	0.009
Diabetes mellitus	1.89 (0.93–3.82)	0.078
Thyroid diseases	0.84 (0.44–1.62)	0.601
Hiatal hernia	0.94 (0.48–1.82)	0.848
Gastric ulcer/Gastritis	1.67 (0.92–3.05)	0.093
Rhinitis/Rhinosinusitis	1.16 (0.58–2.35)	0.675
Neurological diseasesa	1.52 (0.67–3.48)	0.321

^aOther than neurological diseases used as exclusion criteria

Significant associations are reported in bold. Data are reported as OR (CI 95%). The model correctly classified 87% of the patients

F, female; AHI, apnea–hypopnea index; ESS, Epworth Sleepiness Scale