Table 2.

Comparison of Overall and Psychiatric Hospitalization in Depressive Patients Treated with Brand-Name and Generic Formulas of 10 Antidepressants

Antidepressant	Group	Subgroup	Overall n (PY)	Overall aHR (95% CI)c	Psychiatric n (PY)	Psychiatric aHR (95% CI)a
Fluoxetine	DD	Brand-name	1192 (11 408)	1.00 [Reference]	828 (11 489)	1.00 [Reference]
		Generic	1631 (24 231)	.94 (.87–1.01)	1045 (24 407)	.90 (.82–.99)* b
	MDD	Brand-name	587 (5178)	1.00 [Reference]	500 (5203)	1.00 [Reference]
		Generic	978 (14 256)	1.04 (.94–1.16)	814 (143 03)	1.06 (.94–1.19)
Sertraline	DD	Brand-name	1404 (13 945)	1.00 [Reference]	759 (14 117)	1.00 [Reference]
		Generic	652 (11 086)	1.03 (.93–1.14)	392 (111 63)	1.20 (1.05–1.37)* c
	MDD	Brand-name	826 (6899)	1.00 [Reference]	589 (6987)	1.00 [Reference]
		Generic	335 (4488)	1.10 (.95–1.26)	267 (4508)	1.27 (1.08–1.49)* c
Paroxetine	DD	Brand-name	1081 (11 731)	1.00 [Reference]	666 (11 857)	1.00 [Reference]
		Generic	623 (7054)	1.55 (1.38–1.73)*** c	481 (7101)	1.82 (1.59–2.08)*** c
	MDD	Brand-name	628 (5259)	1.00 [Reference]	494 (5302)	1.00 [Reference]
		Generic	387 (2583)	1.70 (1.46–1.97)*** c	360 (2593)	1.89 (1.61–2.22)*** c
Escitalopram	DD	Brand-name	828 (7999)	1.00 [Reference]	508 (8066)	1.00 [Reference]
		Generic	305 (5332)	1.22 (1.05–1.42)* c	224 (5346)	1.39 (1.17–1.66)** c
	MDD	Brand-name	495 (3261)	1.00 [Reference]	383 (3288)	1.00 [Reference]
		Generic	189 (1712)	1.34 (1.11–1.61)* c	167 (1716)	1.42 (1.16–1.73)** c
Citalopram	DD	Brand-name	427 (3744)	1.00 [Reference]	239 (3789)	1.00 [Reference]
		Generic	396 (8588)	.81 (.69–.96)* b	265 (8636)	1.01 (.82–1.24)
	MDD	Brand-name	242 (1887)	1.00 [Reference]	179 (1902)	1.00 [Reference]
		Generic	185 (3081)	.98 (.79–1.23)	157 (3087)	1.14 (.89–1.45)
Venlafaxine	DD	Brand-name	635 (6392)	1.00 [Reference]	360 (6482)	1.00 [Reference]
		Generic	223 (3058)	1.38 (1.15–1.64)** c	158 (3074)	1.74 (1.39–2.16)*** c
	MDD	Brand-name	450 (3971)	1.00 [Reference]	325 (4013)	1.00 [Reference]
		Generic	164 (1900)	1.30 (1.06–1.61)* c	142 (1903)	1.55 (1.23–1.96)** c
Mirtazapine	DD	Brand-name	540 (2739)	1.00 [Reference]	248 (2795)	1.00 [Reference]
		Generic	348 (3928)	.96 (.82–1.12)	224 (3958)	1.36 (1.11–1.68)* c
	MDD	Brand-name	311 (1573)	1.00 [Reference]	200 (1596)	1.00 [Reference]
		Generic	220 (1888)	1.18 (.97–1.44)	172 (1903)	1.49 (1.18–1.88)** c
Moclobemide	DD	Brand-name	277 (3778)	1.00 [Reference]	110 (3830)	1.00 [Reference]
		Generic	128 (2576)	1.29 (.97–1.70)	57 (2595)	1.48 (.97–2.27)
	MDD	Brand-name	90 (1415)	1.00 [Reference]	70 (1417)	1.00 [Reference]
		Generic	53 (982)	1.93 (1.24–3.02)* c	38 (986)	1.92 (1.14–3.21)* c
Imipramine	DD	Brand-name	251 (3808)	1.00 [Reference]	111 (3857)	1.00 [Reference]
		Generic	112 (2513)	.99 (.78–1.24)	41 (2564)	.88 (.61–1.27)
	MDD	Brand-name	75 (922)	1.00 [Reference]	56 (926)	1.00 [Reference]
		Generic	26 (493)	.85 (.54–1.33)	20 (494)	.91 (.54–1.54)
Bupropion	DD	Brand-name	197 (2352)	1.00 [Reference]	108 (2378)	1.00 [Reference]
		Generic	43 (833)	1.67 (1.16–2.41)* c	31 (835)	2.34 (1.51–3.62)** c
	MDD	Brand-name	107 (978)	1.00 [Reference]	76 (987)	1.00 [Reference]
		Generic	30 (269)	2.30 (1.45–3.64)** c	27 (269)	2.66 (1.61–4.39)** c

*P < .05; **P < .001; ***P < .0001.

Abbreviations: aHR, adjusted hazard ratio; CI: confidence interval; DD, depressive disorders; MDD, major depressive disorders; n, number of hospitalizations; PY, person-year of follow-up.

^aAdjusted for gender, age, entry year, Charlson Comorbidity Index, substance use disorders, anxiety disorders, sleep disorders, benzodiazepines use, monthly income, and medical institution.

^bDrug-B data are significantly higher than drug-G data.

^cDrug-G data are significantly higher than drug-B data.