Table 1.
Sample characteristics stratified by depressive symptoms and sleep disorder groups
| Full sample N = 33 455 |
No/low depressive symptoms and no sleep disorder (n = 27 361) | No/low depressive symptoms and sleep disorder (n = 757) | Elevated depressive symptoms and no sleep disorder (n = 5060) | Elevated depressive symptoms and sleep disorder (n = 277) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (Mean, SD) | 53.0 (7.9) | 53.2 (7.9) | 54.1 (7.7) | 51.9 (7.4) | 52.2 (7.7) |
| Sex | |||||
| Female, % (n) | 57.1 (19 101) | 56.0 (15 325) | 52.6 (298) | 63.8 (3227) | 54.5 (151) |
| Education | |||||
| Less than high school | |||||
| High school, % (n) | 20.5 (6832) | 19.4 (5290) | 18.8 (142) | 26.2 (1318) | 29.8 (82) |
| College/graduate studies/university, % (n) | 79.5 (26 488) | 80.6 (21 967) | 81.2 (612) | 73.8 (3716) | 70.2 (193) |
| Ethnicity | |||||
| White, % (n) | 88.7 (29 416) | 89.4 (24 264) | 91.7 (686) | 84.5 (4221) | 89.1 (245) |
| Smoking | |||||
| Current/occasional smoker, % (n) | 16.7 (5571) | 15.3 (4172) | 13.1 (99) | 24.6 (1240) | 21.9 (60) |
| Former smoker, % (n) | 39.3 (13 112) | 39.7 (10 819) | 48.9 (370) | 36.0 (1813) | 40.2 (110) |
| Never smoker, % (n) | 44.0 (14 667) | 45.0 (12 287) | 38.0 (288) | 39.4 (1988) | 38.0 (104) |
| Alcohol | |||||
| Consumes alcohol daily, % (n) | 11.3 (3769) | 11.6 (3166) | 11.9 (90) | 9.7 (487) | 9.5 (26) |
| Physical activity | |||||
| No moderate/vigorous activity, % (n) | 19.2 (5481) | 17.6 (4109) | 21.7 (143) | 26.9 (1156) | 29.9 (73) |
| Diagnosed high blood pressure, % (n) | 15.8 (5120) | 15.2 (4043) | 20.8 (153) | 18.1 (874) | 19.0 (50) |
| Treated high blood pressure, % (n) | 12.7 (4069) | 12.3 (3235) | 17.3 (125) | 14.0 (669) | 15.4 (40) |
| Low HDL cholesterol or self-reported cholesterol problems, % (n) | 35.1 (11 008) | 34.0 (8715) | 37.5 (275) | 40.0 (1890) | 49.6 (128) |
| Diagnosed diabetes, % (n) | 7.0 (2350) | 6.4 (1732) | 9.8 (74) | 10.0 (504) | 14.6 (40) |
| Developed heart disease, % (n) | 7.3 (2448) | 7.0 (1908) | 9.4 (71) | 8.5 (432) | 13.4 (37) |
| PHQ-9 scores (mean, SD) | 2.8 (3.5) | 1.6 (1.6) | 2.1 (1.7) | 9.2 (3.9) | 10.1 (4.9) |
HDL, high density lipoprotein; PHQ-9, Patient Health Questionnaire – nine items.