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. 2021 Apr 22;18:68. doi: 10.1186/s12984-021-00848-w

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 2 — Study procedure. The study followed a within-subject design. The study consisted of three treadmill conditions which differed in the type of VR-presentation (no VR, semi-immersive VR and immersive VR). Between the conditions, participants answered questionnaires about their experience. Healthy participants completed the treadmill conditions on a single day (in pseudo-randomized order) and patients on two different days to avoid fatigue effects. VR Virtual Reality, HMD Head-Mounted-Display, ITQ Immersive Tendencies Questionnaire, BDI-II Beck Depression Inventory-II, PAREMO Patient Questionnaire for assessing Rehabilitation Motivation, RTLX Raw NASA-Task Load Index, Raw National Aeronautics and Space Administration-Task Load Index, IPQ Igroup Presence Questionnaire, IMI Intrinsic Motivation Inventory, SSQ Simulator Sickness Questionnaire, EDQ Equipment and Display Questionnaire, SUS System Usability Scale