Table 10.
Aβ, tocopherol, and phospholipid hydroperoxide in the plasma and red blood cells (RBCs) of patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and control subjects1
| Control subjects | Patients with AD | |
|---|---|---|
| Plasma | ||
| Aβ | (fmol/mL plasma) | |
| Aβ40 | 81.2 ± 9.8 | 103.6 ± 11.8 |
| Aβ42 | 18.5 ± 2.8 | 25.0 ± 5.3 |
| Aβ42/Aβ40 | 0.3 ± 0.0 | 0.3 ± 0.1 |
| Tocopherol | (nmol/mL plasma) | |
| α-Toc | 41.3 ± 3.9 | 38.4 ± 3.5 |
| Phospholipid hydroperoxide | (pmol/mL plasma) | |
| PCOOH | 29.8 ± 3.7 | 34.6 ± 5.4 |
| (µmol/mol phospholipid) | ||
| PCOOH | 25.3 ± 4.2 | 28.9 ± 4.8 |
| RBC | ||
| Tocopherol | (nmol/mL packed cells) | |
| α-Toc | 16.8 ± 2.1 | 16.3 ± 1.8 |
| Phospholipid hydroperoxide | (pmol/mL packed cells) | |
| PCOOH | 9.6 ± 1.5 | 44.4 ± 10.42 |
| PEOOH | 12.5 ± 2.3 | 37.6 ± 6.02 |
| PLOOH4 | 22.1 ± 3.6 | 82.0 ± 13.02 |
| (µmol/mol phospholipid) | ||
| PCOOH | 5.2 ± 0.9 | 50.7 ± 29.6 |
| PEOOH | 6.6 ± 1.2 | 26.1 ± 7.93 |
| PLOOH | 11.8 ± 2.0 | 76.7 ± 37.3 |
1Means ± SEM; n = 18. RBC and plasma PLOOH data were extracted from the PLOOH data (n = 28) from our previous study.116)
2,3Significantly different from control subjects: p < 0.001, p < 0.05.
4PLOOH is the sum of PCOOH and PEOOH.
α-Toc, α-Tocopherol; PCOOH, phosphatidylcholine hydroperoxide; PEOOH, phosphatidylethanolamine hydroperoxide; PLOOH, phospholipid hydroperoxide.
Adapted with permission from Ref. 115. Copyright 2016 IOS Press.