Table 2.
Perinatal anxiety screening scale (PASS) scores before and after ultrasounds with normal, indeterminate and major abnormalities
| PASS score | Ultrasound findings (n) |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All (286) | Normal (146) Refa | Indeterminateb (116) | P-valuec (p-adjusted) | Minor Abnormality (53) | P-valuec (p-adjusted) | Incomplete (63) | P-valuec (p-adjusted) | Major abnormality (24) | P-valuec (p-adjusted) | |
| Pretest | 18.2 ± 13.6 | 16.4 ± 11.6 | 20.1 ± 15.4 | 0.026 (0.11) | 20.9 ± 16.0 | 0.029 (0.08) | 19.4 ± 14.9 | .114 (.36) | 20.3 ± 14.9 | .150 (0.35) |
| Posttest | 14.3 ± 12.7 | 12.2 ± 10.3 | 16.9 ± 14.9 | 0.009 (0.01) | 15.5 ± 13.7 | 0.116 (0.17) | 17.8 ± 15.8 | 0.007 (0.01) | 16.5 ± 15.2 | .161 (0.24) |
| Posttest – pretest | −3.6 ± 5.8 | −3.7 ± 5.4 | −3.7 ± 6.5 | 0.928 (0.97) | −5.6 ± 8.4 | 0.119 (0.09) | −2.2 ± 4.2 | 0.081 (0.03) | −1.9 ± 5.3 | .215 (0.15) |
| Pretest vs. posttest p-valued | 0.001 | 0.002 | 0.143 | 0.105 | 0.588 | 0.456 | ||||
PASS score > 20 denotes clinically significant anxiety
Data are mean ± SD unless otherwise stated
PASS scores from normal finding group (pretest, posttest and posttest-pretest) are the reference values
“Indeterminate” category is subdivided into “minor abnormality” and “incomplete”
P-values calculated with t-tests (unpaired, two-tailed) comparing scores with analogous normal finding scores as reference. P-values in parentheses are adjusted by pairwise linear regressions correcting for trimester, maternal age, psychiatric history, race, parity, body habitus and fertility history
P-values calculated with t-tests (paired, two-tailed) comparing pretest and posttest scores within each finding category