Table 2.
Vital signs, clinical symptoms, and morbidities in patients with different disease severities.
| Feature | Disease severity | P1 | P2*** | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mild/moderate (N = 33) | Severe (N = 139) | Critical (N = 28) | |||
| Vital signs | |||||
| Pulse rate | 87.12 ± 20.12 | 94.71 ± 26.64 | 106.48 ± 26.36 | 0.003** | < 0.001 |
| Respiratory rate | 20.12 ± 1.97 | 26.64 ± 6.87 | 26.36 ± 6.76 | < 0.001** | < 0.001 |
| BP (mmHg) | 126.71 ± 21.98 | 126.74 ± 15.42 | 129.68 ± 23.68 | 0.478** | 0.467 |
| Temperature (°C) | 37.63 ± 0.65 | 37.65 ± 0.66 | 37.98 ± 0.83 | 0.742** | 0.084 |
| O2 saturation (%) | 95.48 ± 1.25 | 87.80 ± 6.37 | 82.15 ± 10.00 | < 0.001** | < 0.001 |
| Symptoms | |||||
| Fever | 23 (69.7) | 101 (72.7) | 19 (67.9) | 0.802* | 0.849 |
| Dyspnea | 24 (72.7) | 123 (88.5) | 24 (85.7) | 0.023* | 0.069 |
| Nausea/vomiting | 11 (33.3) | 22 (15.8) | 4 (14.3) | 0.016* | 0.055 |
| Cough | 29 (87.9) | 129 (92.8) | 25 (89.3) | 0.414* | 0.595 |
| Diarrhea | 8 (24.2) | 19 (13.7) | 2 (7.1) | 0.082* | 0.148 |
| Conjunctivitis | 0 (0.0) | 2 (1.4) | 0 (0.0) | 0.528* | 0.642 |
| Myalgia | 16 (48.5) | 69 (49.6) | 15 (53.6) | 0.849* | 0.914 |
| Arthralgia | 7 (21.2) | 18 (12.9) | 2 (7.1) | 0.156* | 0.261 |
| Weakness | 16 (48.5) | 65 (46.8) | 14 (50.0) | 0.901* | 0.945 |
| Abdominal pain | 1 (3.0) | 6 (4.3) | 0 (0.0) | 0.872* | 0.519 |
| Seizure | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.7) | 0 (0.0) | 0.656* | 0.802 |
| Headache | 3 (9.1) | 26 (18.7) | 2 (7.1) | 0.266* | 0.164 |
| Sore throat | 1 (3.0) | 19 (13.7) | 2 (7.1) | 0.109* | 0.167 |
| Chill | 10 (30.3) | 28 (20.1) | 7 (25.0) | 0.240* | 0.428 |
| Hyposmia | 4 (12.1) | 11 (7.9) | 2 (7.1) | 0.414* | 0.710 |
| Fatigue | 9 (27.3) | 40 (28.8) | 7 (25.0) | 0.919* | 0.916 |
| Confusion | 0 (0.0) | 2 (1.4) | 3 (10.7) | 0.517* | 0.043 |
| Rhinorrhea | 1 (3.0) | 3 (2.2) | 0 (0.0) | 0.802* | 0.681 |
| Morbidities | |||||
| Shock | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.7) | 6 (21.4) | 0.231* | < 0.001 |
| Sepsis | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.7) | 8 (28.6) | 0.172* | < 0.001 |
| ARDS | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.7) | 27 (96.4) | 0.011* | < 0.001 |
| DHF | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.7) | 0 (0.0) | > 0.999* | 0.802 |
| ATN | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.7) | 1 (3.6) | > 0.999* | 0.288 |
| Coagulopathy | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (3.6) | > 0.999* | 0.046 |
| Acidosis | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (3.6) | > 0.999* | 0.046 |
| ICU admission | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 14 (50.0) | 0.085* | < 0.001 |
| Intubation | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 23 (82.1) | 0.023* | < 0.001 |
BP blood pressure, ARDS acute respiratory distress syndrome, DHF diastolic heart failure, ATN acute tubular necrosis, ICU intensive care unit.
P1: Comparison between mild/moderate and severe/critical groups.
P2: Comparison between mild/moderate, severe, and critical groups.
Bold values are statistically significant (P < 0.05).
*Chi-square or Fisher’s exact test.
**Mann–Whitney test.
***Kruskal–Wallis test.