Table 1.

Details of the different high-performance polymer fibers (shown in Fig. 1).

Fiber	Fiber type	Fabrication method	Tensile modulus (GPa)	Refs.	Axial thermal conductivity (Wm−1 K−1)	Refs.	General properties
Dyneema	Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMW-PE)	Gel-spinning process using spinneret (super drawing, heating, elongating, and cooling)			14.2	30	High strength to weight, abrasion resistance, mechanical strength, thermal conductivity
			101	30	23.6	31
			113	32	28.4	28
					22.5	33
Spectra	Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMW-PE)	Gel-spinning process	118	30	15.8	30	High strength to weight, abrasion resistance, mechanical strength, thermal conductivity
			113	32	20	34
Zylon	Polybenzoxazole (PBO)	Spun from Polyphosphoric acid (PPA) solutions via dry-jet wet spinning	275	30	23	30	Very high mechanical strength, excellent heat resistance; very low thermal conductivity
			270	35	22.6	31
PBZT	Poly (p-phenylene benzobisthiazole)	Dry-jet wet spinning	202	30	12.5	30	High modulus and high strength
			150	36
PIPD (M5)	Polyhydroquinone-diimidazopyridine	Condensation polymerization followed by extrusion	76	30	8.8	30	High strength, modulus, and thermal stability
			330	35
Kevlar	Aromatic polyamide (para aramid)	Liquid-crystalline polymer produced by wet/dry-jet wet spinning	120	30	3.1	30	High strength, toughness, thermal stability, flame resistance
			185	35
Vectran	Aromatic polyester	Melt spinning/extrusion from liquid crystal polymer	60	30	1.7	30	High tensile and impact strength, abrasion resistance
			65	35	2.5	37
Technora	Aromatic copolyamide (para aramid)	Condensation polymerization followed by spinning and drawing	71	35	1.98	38	High heat and chemical resistance, strength, and dimensional stability
Nomex	Meta aramid	Condensation reaction followed by spinning and drawing	88	39	0.65	38	Intrinsically flame resistant, high temperature resistant