Table 3.
The effects of staying in the host (N = 236) vs. home (N = 121) country and staying vs. not staying in quarantine/self-isolation on international students' well-being and academic experiencea.
| Variable | Staying in quarantine/self-isolation | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Staying in host countryb | Students in host countryc | Students in home countryd | ||||||||
| M | SD | F(1, 349) | M | SD | F(1, 228) | M | SD | F(1, 113) | ||
| Social loneliness | Yes | 2.57 | 0.85 | 2.21 | 2.66 | 0.84 | 3.13# | 2.52 | 0.88 | 2.47 |
| No | 2.42 | 0.87 | 2.43 | 0.87 | 2.28 | 0.83 | ||||
| Emotional loneliness | Yes | 3.06 | 0.88 | 1.85 | 3.16 | 0.83 | 3.16# | 3.04 | 0.91 | 3.37# |
| No | 2.94 | 0.91 | 2.90 | 0.94 | 2.78 | 0.89 | ||||
| Life satisfaction | Yes | 4.50 | 1.13 | 0.00 | 4.41 | 1.14 | 1.77 | 4.47 | 1.27 | 0.10 |
| No | 4.49 | 1.30 | 4.64 | 1.11 | 4.51 | 1.37 | ||||
| Academic satisfaction | Yes | 4.45 | 1.22 | 0.44 | 4.46 | 1.22 | 0.00 | 4.46 | 1.17 | 0.21 |
| No | 4.49 | 1.21 | 4.44 | 1.22 | 4.53 | 1.28 | ||||
| Discrimination stress | Yes | 2.06 | 0.78 | 2.39 | 2.19 | 0.79 | 9.14## | 2.05 | 0.74 | 4.49## |
| No | 1.94 | 0.73 | 1.86 | 0.74 | 1.78 | 0.68 | ||||
| Communication stress | Yes | 2.99 | 1.13 | 0.36 | 3.09 | 1.09 | 1.74 | 2.88 | 1.08 | 2.38 |
| No | 3.01 | 1.07 | 2.83 | 1.18 | 3.21 | 1.04 | ||||
| Interactions with students | Yes | 3.88 | 1.43 | 5.57* | 3.88 | 1.43 | 0.04 | 4.33 | 1.37 | 0.26 |
| No | 4.26 | 1.49 | 3.87 | 1.42 | 4.17 | 1.67 | ||||
| Interactions with teachers | Yes | 4.49 | 1.39 | 0.30 | 4.49 | 1.45 | 0.04 | 4.50 | 1.53 | 0.00 |
| No | 4.50 | 1.52 | 4.49 | 1.31 | 4.50 | 1.52 | ||||
| Student's technical capacity | Yes | 5.79 | 1.20 | 1.09 | 5.77 | 1.31 | 0.00 | 5.61 | 1.14 | 0.09 |
| No | 5.64 | 1.10 | 5.83 | 1.02 | 5.68 | 1.06 | ||||
| Organization of learning | Yes | 4.46 | 1.35 | 1.81 | 4.48 | 1.35 | 0.14 | 4.56 | 1.33 | 0.34 |
| No | 4.61 | 1.34 | 4.42 | 1.35 | 4.69 | 1.36 | ||||
| Academic adjustment | Yes | 4.95 | 1.20 | 4.01* | 4.94 | 1.18 | 0.02 | 5.09 | 1.09 | 0.96 |
| No | 5.17 | 1.00 | 4.96 | 1.23 | 5.28 | 0.85 | ||||
| Academic performance | Yes | 3.09 | 1.66 | 0.17 | 3.14 | 1.68 | 0.22 | 3.10 | 1.67 | 0.48 |
| No | 3.19 | 1.68 | 3.02 | 1.63 | 3.33 | 1.70 | ||||
| Student loyalty | Yes | 4.45 | 1.87 | 0.48 | 4.44 | 1.94 | 0.05 | 4.15 | 1.70 | 0.54 |
| No | 4.24 | 1.91 | 4.46 | 1.77 | 4.37 | 2.21 | ||||
a
Covariates: age and personality traits.
*
p< 0.05 for two-tailed tests.
#
p < 0.05,
##
p < 0.01 for one-tailed tests.
b
Comparisons between students staying in the host (Yes) and home (No) country during the pandemic.
c
Comparisons between students staying (Yes) and not staying (No) in quarantine/self-isolation in the host country during the pandemic.
d
Comparisons between students staying (Yes) and not staying (No) in quarantine/self-isolation in the home country during the pandemic.