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. 2021 Apr 9;12:657451. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2021.657451

FIGURE 6.

FIGURE 6

Exogenous application of purified CCL2 induces defense gene expression and SAR toward P. syringae. Three leaves of 4-week-old wild type plants were infiltrated with 10 mM MgCl2 (negative mock control), Pst DC3000 (106 CFU mL–1) as positive SAR control, or 500 μg mL–1 of purified CCL2 or CCL2-Y92A protein, respectively. (A) Three distal leaves were challenge-inoculated with Pst DC3000 (105 CFU mL–1) at 48 h after treatment. Ten leaf discs per treatment were sampled from distal leaves of Ten plants at 3 dpi to quantify by qPCR the abundance of the bacterial oprF gene as a proxy for bacterial biomass. (B–F) Transcript levels relative to expG gene in local leaves 48 h after treatment (B) GLI1 (AT1G80460), (C) GLY1 (AT2G40690), (D) PR-1 (AT2G14610), (E) RBOHD (AT5G47910), and (F) RBOHF (AT1G64060). Asterisks indicate statistically significant differences (∗P ≤ 0.05, ∗∗P ≤ 0.01, ns: not significant; one-way ANOVA and post hoc analysis with Dunnett’s multiple-comparison test) between treatments and mock control. Data represent mean ± SD of three biological replicates.