Figure 2.

Gene enrichment for biological pathways using significantly differentially expressed mitochondria-related genes associated with the weight-loss percentage following diet- and surgery-induced weight loss across all studies (in total, 6 postintervention vs baseline comparisons) (A) and in groups matched for 15% to 20% weight loss from the diet-induced weight-loss DiOGenes study (n = 24) and surgery-induced weight-loss KOBS study (n = 34) (B). In (A), we selected the top 10 significant pathways from the ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) tool (P < 0.001) from each comparison; the pathway results are shown when present in at least 2 of 6 of the top 10 selections. In (B), the results are presented for the top 10 significant pathways from the IPA tool (P < 0.001) from both studies. For several pathways, IPA provided z-scores for the pathway directionality by calculating the observed number of “activated” genes (z-score > 0), “inhibited” genes (z-score < 0), or no directionality (z-score = 0). Z-scores > 2 or < −2 were considered significant. Results are ranked according to biological function. In (A), gradients indicated by blue bars (from dark to light blue) indicate diet-induced weight-loss comparisons: DiOGenes 2 months vs baseline (n = 261); DiOGenes 8 months vs baseline (n = 121); and CRYO 12 months vs baseline (n = 19). Gradients indicated by red bars (from dark to light red) indicate the surgery-induced weight-loss studies: KOBS, 12 months vs baseline (n = 171); DEOSH, 24 months vs baseline (n = 49); and DEOSH, 60 months vs baseline (n = 37). Abbreviation: m, months.