Table 2.

Postoperative characteristics of patients with and without surgery-related loss of muscle quantity or quality

	Total n = 128 (100%)	Muscle quantity loss n = 67 (52%)	No muscle quantity loss n = 61 (48%)	P-value	Muscle quality loss n = 83 (65%)	No muscle quality loss n = 45 (35%)	P-value
Complicated postoperative course	52 (40.6%)	25 (37.3%)	27 (44.3%)	0.424	39 (47%)	13 (28,9%)	0.047
Cardiopulmonary	23 (18.0%)	10 (14.9%)	13 (21.3%)	0.347	17 (20.5%)	6 (13.3%)	0.315
Incisional SSI	8 (6.3%)	5 (7.5%)	3 (4.9%)	0.552	6 (7.2%)	2 (4.4%)	0.534
Intra-abdominal SSI	10 (7.8%)	5 (7.5%)	5 (8.2%)	0.877	8 (9.6%)	2 (4.4%)	0.296
Infectious, other	6 (4.7%)	5 (7.5%)	1 (1.6%)	0.120	1 (1.2%)	1 (2.2%)	0.658
Bacteraemia	2 (1.6%)	2 (3.0%)	0 (0.0%)	0.174	6 (7.2%)	0 (0.0%)	0.065
Bile leak (≥ ISGLS Grade B)	5 (3.9%)	1 (1.5%)	4 (6.6%)	0.140	3 (3.6%)	2 (4.4%)	0.817
DGE (grade A, B or C)	5 (3.9%)	2 (3.0%)	3 (4.9%)	0.573	4 (4.8%)	1 (2.2%)	0.469
Thromboembolic event	3 (2.3%)	1 (1.5%)	2 (3.3%)	0.505	2 (2.4%)	1 (2.2%)	0.947
Bleeding	1 (0.8%)	1 (1.5%)	0 (0.0%)	0.338	1 (1.2%)	0 (0.0%)	0.460
Single organ failure	3 (2.3%)	1 (1.5%)	2 (3.3%)	0.505	2 (2.4%)	1 (2.2%)	0.947
Other	11 (8.6%)	5 (7.5%)	6 (9.8%)	0.632	9 (10.8%)	2 (4.4%)	0.217
Clavien–Dindo ≥ 3	18 (14.1%)	9 (13.4%)	9 (14.8%)	0.830	13 (15.7%)	5 (11.1%)	0.479
Length of hospital stay, mean (SD)	9.7 (5.3)	9.4 (4.5)	10.0 (6.2)	0.522	10.3 (4.3)	8.6 (6.8)	0.084

SSI surgical site infection, ISGLS International Study Group of Liver Surgery, DGE delayed gastric emptying, SD standard deviation, CT computed tomography

The values given are numbers of patients unless indicated otherwise. Bold variables were considered statistically significant (P < 0.05)