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. 2021 Apr 23;19:47. doi: 10.1186/s12964-021-00730-1

Fig. 4.

Fig. 4

Exosome signalling by direct interaction or membrane fusion. Upon reaching the target cells, a membrane receptors within the exosome surface and plasma membrane of target cells can interact inducing downstream signalling cascade in the recipient cell. b Exosomes membrane can also fuse with the plasma membrane and release their contents into the cytosol directly