| Proteins |
| Tetraspanins |
CD9, CD63, CD37, CD81, CD82, CD53 |
Exosome biogenesis, exosome cargo selection, targeting and uptake |
[107, 187] |
| ESCRT machinery/MVB biogenesis |
Alix, TSG-101 |
Exosome biogenesis |
[49, 107] |
| Heat Shock Proteins (Hsp) |
Hsp90, Hsc70, Hsp60, Hsp20, Hsp27 |
Exosomes release, signalling |
[188–190] |
| Membrane transport and fusion |
GTPases, Annexins, Flotillin, Rab GTPases, dynamin, syntaxin |
Exosome secretion and uptake |
[16, 66, 73, 140] |
| Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) molecules |
MHC Class I, MHC Class II |
Antigen presentation to generate immunological response |
[191, 192] |
| Cytoskeletal proteins |
Actin, Cofilin, Tubulin |
Exosome biogenesis and secretion |
[16, 19, 30] |
| Adhesion |
Integrin-α,-β, P-selectin |
Exosome targeting and uptake |
[16, 19] |
| Glycoproteins |
β-galactosidase, O-linked glycans, N-linked glycans |
Exosomes targeting and uptake |
[193, 194] |
| Growth factors and cytokine |
TNF-α, TGF-β, TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) |
Exosome targeting and uptake, signalling |
[116, 162] |
| Other signalling receptors |
Fas ligand (FasL), TNF receptor, Transferrin receptor (TfR) |
Exosome targeting and signalling including apoptosis induction and iron transport |
[16, 36, 116] |
