Table 4.
Effect of Maternal Urogenital Schistosomiasis During Pregnancy on Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes and Neonatal Deaths
| Adverse outcomea | Egg-Positive | Hematuria-Positive | Egg and/or Hematuria-Positive | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | P | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | P | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | P | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P | |
| Miscarriageb | 0.75 (.39–1.45) | .395 | 0.80 (.40–1.57) | .513 | 0.73 (.45–1.18) | .195 | 0.76 (.46–1.26) | .291 | 0.75 (.47–1.20) | .234 | 0.79 (.49–1.29) | .348 |
| Stillbirthc | 0.71 (.22–2.32) | .572 | 0.67 (.20–2.23) | .519 | 1.06 (.55–2.01) | .869 | 1.11 (.57–2.16) | .757 | 1.09 (.59–2.01) | .792 | 1.12 (.60–2.10) | .713 |
| SGA termb | 1.30 (.92–1.84) | .144 | 1.28 (.88–1.85) | .195 | 1.20 (.94–1.54) | .153 | 1.12 (.86–1.45) | .402 | 1.13 (.89–1.44) | .320 | 1.07 (.83–1.38) | .599 |
| SGA pretermb | 5.31 (1.05–26.77) | .043 | 3.14 (.58–17.05) | .185 | 1.63 (.57–4.69) | .365 | 2.06 (.60–7.13) | .252 | 2.50 (.81–7.67) | .109 | 3.16 (.81–12.24) | .097 |
| AGA pretermd | 0.93 (.66–1.29) | .654 | 0.86 (.66–1.12) | .262 | 0.84 (.65–1.09) | .181 | ||||||
| Neonatal deathd | 0.77 (.28–2.13) | .618 | 0.72 (.32–1.60) | .413 | 0.84 (.39–1.77) | .639 |
Abbreviations: AGA, appropriate for gestational age; CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio; SGA, small for gestational age.
aAll cases and controls were matched on maternal HIV status, gestational age at the baseline visit (±2 weeks) and SHINE study arm; for stillbirth, neonatal death, SGA and preterm outcomes, cases and controls were also matched on infant sex.
bAdjusted for maternal age.
cAdjusted for field office/hub.
dUnadjusted.