. 2021 Mar 26;13(7):10075–10086. doi: 10.18632/aging.202764

Table 2. Risks of developing an increased ba-PWV in association with blood pressure categories in the overall study population and in subgroups of sex, age, and dysglycemia.

Blood pressure categories

Odds ratio (95% confidence interval)

Total

Sex †

Age †

Dysglycemia †

Model 1

Model 2

Model 3

Men

Women

<60 years

≥60 years

Without

With

Normal BP

1.00

Elevated BP

1.73 (1.06-2.82)

1.65 (1.00-2.73)

1.59 (0.96-2.63)

1.20 (0.53-2.72)

1.90 (0.99-3.65)

2.94 (1.34-6.43)

1.07 (0.55-2.08)

1.80 (0.95-3.42)

1.26 (0.55-2.91)

Stage 1 hypertension

2.68 (1.75-4.11)

2.70 (1.75-4.19)

2.48 (1.59-3.85)

2.14 (1.09-4.24)

2.74 (1.52-4.93)

4.08 (2.06-8.08)

1.47 (0.81-2.67)

2.14 (1.20-3.82)

2.64 (1.29-5.41)

Stage 2 hypertension

5.05 (3.40-7.51)

5.10 (3.38-7.68)

4.54 (3.00-6.87)

3.64 (1.92-6.90)

5.34 (3.08-9.24)

8.04 (4.17-15.52)

3.01 (1.75-5.20)

5.14 (3.03-8.71)

3.90 (1.97-7.71)

P _{for trend}

<0.001

P _{for interaction}

0.260

0.039

0.609

Model 1: adjusted for age, sex.

Model 2: further adjusted for education, current smoking, current drinking, physical activity, and body-mass index.

Model 3: further adjusted for fasting plasma glucose, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, estimated glomerular filtration rate, urinary albumin-to-creatine ratio.

† Using model 3 except the stratified variable.

Ba-PWV, brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity.