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. 2021 Mar 25;12(4):280. doi: 10.3390/insects12040280

Table 3.

Mean minimum development times (h) to reach each life stage starting from 1 h old first instar larvae for C. vicina when developing with conspecifics (C. vicina alone) and heterospecifics (C. vicina with P. regina). Variation around the mean is presented as the greater of either half the sampling interval (6 h for second instar to pupal stages, 12 h for adult stage) or the calculated standard error. N/A indicates all individuals died prior to reaching this stage.

Species C. vicina alone C. vicina with P. regina
Temp (°C) L2 L3 Pupae Adult L2 L3 Pupae Adult
15 33 ± 6 78 ± 6 342 ± 6 798 ± 12 26 ± 6 72 ± 6 322 ± 6 787 ± 12
20 15 ± 6 53 ± 6 197 ± 6 505 ± 12 23 ± 6 53 ± 6 178 ± 6 432 ± 25
25 15 ± 6 27 ± 6 140 ± 8 413 ± 13 12 ± 6 24 ± 6 130 ± 10 451 ± 12
30 12 ± 6 24 ± 6 154 ± 6 366 ± 12 12 ± 6 24 ± 6 146 ± 6 N/A
35 29 ± 6 50 ± 6 216 ± 6 N/A 26 ± 6 55 ± 6 124 ± 33 N/A