Table 2.

Results of the Multiple Group Analysis

Model/Model description	X2	df	CFI	RMSEA	Model comparison	ΔX2a	Δdfb
Single Group Analysis
1. Daytime Weekday (A; n = 314)	128.805*	97	.977	.032
2. Daytime Weekend (B; n = 215)	120.854	97	.970	.034
3. Nighttime Weekday (C; n = 99)	121.281*	97	.935	.051
4. Nighttime Weekend (D; n = 301)	197.148***	97	.916	.059
Measurement Invariance Test
5. Equal form	568.500***	388	.951	.022
6. Equal factor loadings	576.288***	403	.953	.022	6 vs. 5	7.788	15
Structural invariance Test
7. Model 6 with Work-family conflict → Parenting stress was constrained to be equal between A, B, C, and D	585.688***	406	.951	.022	7 vs. 6	9.4*	3
8. Model 6 with Work-family conflict → Parenting stress was constrained to be equal between A and B	580.128***	404	.952	.022	8 vs. 6	3.84	1
9. Model 6 with Work-family conflict → Parenting stress was constrained to be equal between A and C	576.782***	404	.953	.022	9 vs. 6	.494	1
10. Model 6 with Work-family conflict → Parenting stress was constrained to be equal between A and D	577.507***	404	.953	.022	10 vs. 6	1.219	1
11. Model 6 with Work-family conflict → Parenting stress was constrained to be equal between B and C	581.832***	404	.952	.022	11 vs. 6	5.544*	1
12. Model 6 with Work-family conflict → Parenting stress was constrained to be equal between B and D	585.157***	404	.951	.022	12 vs. 6	8.869**	1
13. Model 6 with Work-family conflict → Parenting stress was constrained to be equal between C and D	576.315***	404	.953	.022	13 vs. 6	.027	1

Note:

^a= difference in χ² values between models.

^b= difference in number of degrees of freedom between models.

^*p < .05.

^***p < .001.