Table 1. Baseline variables stratified by study, and by microscopic malaria and submicroscopic malaria, for participants of the treatment efficacy trail and cross-sectional survey.
| Comparing studies | ||||
| Variable | Clinical trial (CT, n = 175) | Cross-sectional survey (CSS, n = 999) | Difference (CT minus CSS) | p-Value |
| Females, n (%) | 45 (25.7%) | 598 (59.9%) | −34.2% | <0.001 |
| Mean age, years (95% CI) | 22.0 (20.1–23.9) | 32.5 (31.4–33.6) | −10.5 (−13.3 to −7.8) | <0.001 |
| Mean body weight, kg (95% CI) | 41.4 (39.1–43.7) | 44.3 (43.6–45.0) | −2.9 (−4.9 to −0.8) | 0.002 |
| Mean body temperature,°C (95% CI) | 37.8 (37.6–37.9) | 36.2 (36.2–36.3) | −1.5 (−1.6 to −1.4) | <0.001 |
| Mean Hb concentration, g/dl (95% CI) | 12.6 (12.3–12.9) | 13.0 (12.9–13.1) | −0.4 (−0.7 to −0.1) | 0.002 |
| Severe anemia (Hb < 7 g/dl), n | 0 | 6 | −6 | 0.379 |
| Geometric mean parasitemia, μl−1 (95% CI; n) | •P. falciparum: 5,692 (3,745–8,651; 111) • P. vivax: 2,661 (1,675–4,228; 54) • P. falciparum + P. vivax mixed: 9,978 (1,279–77,844; 10) |
•P. falciparum: 3,986 (77–206,902; 3) | NA | — |
| Comparing participants with parasitemia confirmed by microscopy versus participants with no parasitemia | ||||
| Variable | Microscopic parasitemia (MP, n = 182) | No parasitemia (NP, n = 956) | Difference (MP minus NP) | p-Value |
| Females (%), n (%) | 48 (26.4%) | 579 (60.6%) | −34.2% | <0.001 |
| Mean age, years (95% CI) | 21.6 (19.8–23.5) | 32.8 (31.7–33.9) | −11.2 (−13.9 to −8.5) | <0.001 |
| Mean body weight, kg (95% CI) | 41.0 (38.7–43.3) | 44.5 (43.8–45.3) | −3.5 (−5.5 to −1.5) | <0.001 |
| Mean body temperature,°C (95% CI) | 37.7 (37.6–37.9) | 36.2 (36.2–36.3) | −1.5 (−1.6 to −1.4) | <0.001 |
| Mean Hb concentration, g/dl (95% CI) | 12.6 (12.3–12.9) | 13.0 (12.9–13.1) | −0.5 (−0.7 to −0.2) | <0.001 |
| Severe anemia (Hb < 7 g/dl), n (%) | 0 | 6 (0.6%) | −6 | 0.597 |
| Geometric mean parasitemia, μl−1 (95% CI; n) | •P. falciparum: 5.639 (3,744–8,492; 114) • P. vivax: 2,661 (1,675–4,228; 54) • P. falciparum + P. vivax mixed: 9,978 (1,279–77,843; 10) |
— | NA | — |
| Comparing participants with parasitemia confirmed by PCR versus participants with no parasitemia | ||||
| Variable | PCR positive only (PCRP, n = 36) | No parasitemia (NP, n = 956) | Difference (PCRP minus NP) | p-Value |
| Females (%), n (%) | 16 (44.4%) | 579 (60.6%) | −16.2% | 0.053 |
| Mean age, years (95% CI) | 29.6 (23.7–35.5) | 32.8 (31.7–33.9) | −3.2 (−9.1 to 2.7) | 0.145 |
| Mean body weight, kg (95% CI) | 41.7 (37.3–46.1)) | 44.5 (43.8–45.3) | −2.8 (−6.7 to 1.1) | 0.080 |
| Mean body temperature,°C (95% CI) | 36.4 (36.3–36.6) | 36.2 (36.2–36.3) | 0.2 (0.0 to 0.3) | 0.012 |
| Mean Hb concentration, g/dl (95% CI) | 13.1 (12.7–13.5) | 13.0 (12.9–13.1) | 0.1 (−0.4 to 0.7) | 0.354 |
| Severe anemia (Hb < 7 g/dl), n | 0 | 6 | −6 | 0.801 |
Significant p-values given in bold.
NA = not applicable.