TABLE 3.
Incident Cases of Incident Cardiovascular Outcomes Among Initially Healthy Women According to Concentration of sdLDL-C
| Quartile 1 | Quartile 2 | Quartile 3 | Quartile 4 | p Value for Trend | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median (range), mg/dl | 22.0 (<27.0) | 32 (27.0–37.9) | 44 (38.0–50.9) | 64 (≥51.0) | |
| Total cardiovascular disease | |||||
| Incident cases (n) | 65 | 113 | 105 | 197 | |
| Incident cases, reweighted (nw)* | 116 | 201 | 188 | 349 | |
| Model 1 | 1 | 1.26 (0.83–1.90) | 1.38 (0.90–2.09) | 2.35 (1.57–3.52) | <0.001 |
| Model 2 | 1 | 1.14 (0.73–1.77) | 1.07 (0.67–1.70) | 1.84 (1.18–2.88) | 0.003 |
| Model 3 | 1 | 1.10 (0.69–1.75) | 1.01 (0.60–1.72) | 1.71 (0.98–2.99) | 0.019 |
| Model 4 | 1 | 1.09 (0.68–1.74) | 0.98 (0.57–1.66) | 1.67 (0.95–2.94) | 0.025 |
| Coronary and cerebrovascular disease | |||||
| Incident cases (n) | 48 | 91 | 72 | 168 | |
| Incident cases, reweighted (nw)* | 95 | 180 | 144 | 328 | |
| Model 1 | 1 | 1.38 (0.88–2.15) | 1.31 (0.83–2.09) | 2.71 (1.76–4.17) | <0.001 |
| Model 2 | 1 | 1.23 (0.76–1.98) | 1.00 (0.60–1.66) | 2.00 (1.23–3.26) | 0.002 |
| Model 3 | 1 | 1.19 (0.71–1.97) | 0.94 (0.53–1.69) | 1.86 (1.01–3.46) | 0.016 |
| Model 4 | 1 | 1.18 (0.71–1.96) | 0.92 (0.51–1.65) | 1.82 (0.97–3.39) | 0.021 |
| Myocardial infarction | |||||
| Incident cases (n) | 13 | 33 | 32 | 87 | |
| Incident cases, reweighted (nw)* | 26 | 65 | 64 | 171 | |
| Model 1 | 1 | 1.95 (0.97–3.91) | 2.30 (1.14–4.64) | 5.77 (3.03–11.00) | <0.001 |
| Model 2 | 1 | 1.71 (0.84–3.51) | 1.67 (0.80–3.49) | 3.98 (1.99–8.00) | <0.001 |
| Model 3 | 1 | 1.67 (0.78–3.55) | 1.61 (0.72–3.61) | 3.78 (1.63–8.79) | <0.001 |
| Model 4 | 1 | 1.67 (0.78–3.56) | 1.56 (0.70–3.51) | 3.71 (1.59–8.63) | <0.001 |
| Ischemic stroke | |||||
| Incident cases (n) | 25 | 40 | 37 | 59 | |
| Incident cases, reweighted (nw)* | 50 | 79 | 74 | 116 | |
| Model 1 | 1 | 1.12 (0.63–2.00) | 1.24 (0.68–2.26) | 1.73 (0.97–3.07) | 0.035 |
| Model 2 | 1 | 0.98 (0.53–1.83) | 0.92 (0.48–1.78) | 1.33 (0.69–2.55) | 0.265 |
| Model 3 | 1 | 1.00 (0.52–1.95) | 0.96 (0.44–2.08) | 1.39 (0.61–3.21) | 0.274 |
| Model 4 | 1 | 0.99 (0.51–1.94) | 0.91 (0.42–1.99) | 1.35 (0.58–3.13) | 0.313 |
| Peripheral artery disease | |||||
| Incident cases (n) | 18 | 24 | 35 | 37 | |
| Model 1 | 1 | 0.99 (0.49–1.99) | 1.67 (0.87–3.23) | 1.75 (0.92–3.33) | 0.031 |
| Model 2 | 1 | 0.95 (0.46–1.97) | 1.45 (0.71–2.93) | 1.66 (0.83–3.33) | 0.062 |
| Model 3 | 1 | 0.95 (0.45–1.99) | 1.43 (0.65–3.14) | 1.64 (0.69–3.89) | 0.146 |
| Model 4 | 1 | 0.92 (0.43–1.96) | 1.37 (0.62–3.02) | 1.60 (0.67–3.83) | 0.154 |
Values are hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) unless otherwise indicated. Model 1: age, smoking status, original WHS treatment assignments. Model 2: model 1 covariates + body mass index, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, parental history of myocardial infarction, HRT use, exercise frequency (weekly vs. none). Model 3: model 2 + LDL-C. Model 4: model 3 + hsCRP. Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals were obtained from Cox proportional hazards models using the robust sandwich variance estimator and Barlow weighting method.
Cases reweighted to the source population.
n represent the crude number of cases in the sample analyzed. Reweighted nw represent the approximate number of cases that would be expected had the entire WHS blood cohort been analyzed. All PAD cases were sampled for this analysis; thus, no reweighting was applied for these cases.