Table 2.
The association between various Cryptosporidium spp detection methods and diarrhoea in the case-control substudy
| Positive test in cases of diarrhoea, n/N (%) | Positive test in controls, n/N (%) | Odds ratio of positive test for diarrhoea (95% CI)* | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Index tests | |||
| LED-AP | 66/717 (9%) | 11/689 (2%) | 6·25 (3·27–11·94) |
| Lateral-flow test strip | 67/620 (11%) | 13/563 (2%) | 5·13 (2·80–9·39) |
| Reference tests | |||
| ELISA | 69/666 (10%) | 12/680 (2%) | 6·43 (3·45–11·99) |
| PCR (any detection) | 104/652 (16%) | 45/668 (7%) | 2·64 (1·82–3·81) |
| qPCR (above cutoff) | 67/652 (10%) | 15/670 (2%) | 5·00 (2·83–8·85) |
| IFAT (any detection) | 72/681 (11%) | 25/668 (4%) | 3·04 (1·90–4·86) |
| qIFAT (above cutoff) | 48/680 (7%) | 7/668 (1%) | 7·17 (3·22–15·97) |
| Reference panels | |||
| MRS | 66/669 (10%) | 14/676 (2%) | 5·18 (2·88–9·31) |
| CRS | 62/669 (9%) | 8/677 (1%) | 8·54 (4·06–17·98) |
Denominators vary because of missing data for some participants (eg, not recorded or not answered). LED-AP=light-emitting diode fluorescence microscopy with auramine-phenol (AP) staining. qPCR=quantitative PCR. IFAT=immunofluorescent antibody test. qIFAT=quantitative IFAT. MRS=microbiological composite reference standard. CRS=clinical composite reference standard.
*
Wald intervals.