Table 1.
Baseline Demographic Characteristics and Health Behaviors, Stratified by Identification as a Sexual Minority (N = 1025)
| Sexual Minority (N = 64) | Heterosexual (N = 961) | pa | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age at enrollment, years, mean (SD) | 32.9 (5.3) | 33.3 (4.9) | 0.58 |
| Age at diagnosis, years, mean (SD) | 25.4 (6.1) | 25.8 (5.7) | 0.64 |
| Years since diagnosis, n (%) | |||
| <5 years | 13 (20.3) | 32 (34.1) | 0.023 |
| ≥5 years | 51 (79.7) | 633 (65.9) | |
| First cancer, n (%) | |||
| Breast | 15 (23.4) | 218 (22.7) | 0.88 |
| Leukemia or lymphoma | 25 (39.1) | 334 (34.8) | |
| Cervix, uterus, or ovary | 7 (10.9) | 108 (11.2) | |
| Intestines, gallbladder, pancreas, or stomach | 1 (1.6) | 25 (2.6) | |
| Bone, soft tissue tumor of muscle or fat | 6 (9.4) | 67 (7.0) | |
| Skin (including melanoma) | 2 (3.1) | 29 (3.0) | |
| Stage at cancer diagnosis, n (%)b | |||
| Stage 1 | 14 (21.9) | 180 (18.7) | 0.78 |
| Stage 2 | 21 (32.8) | 276 (28.7) | |
| Stage 3 | 10 (15.6) | 141 (14.7) | |
| Stage 4 | 4 (6.3) | 65 (6.8) | |
| Don't know or prefer not to answer | 6 (9.4) | 171 (17.8) | |
| Treatment received for first cancer, n (%) | |||
| Surgery to remove tumor | 39 (60.9) | 628 (65.3) | 0.47 |
| Radiation | 26 (40.6) | 450 (46.8) | 0.34 |
| Chemotherapy | 44 (68.8) | 645 (67.1) | 0.79 |
| Endocrine therapy | 12 (18.8) | 145 (15.1) | 0.43 |
| BM or stem cell transplant | 2 (3.2) | 42 (4.4) | 0.74 |
| Biologic therapy or immunotherapy | 2 (3.1) | 32 (3.3) | 0.93 |
| Race, n (%) | |||
| African American | 3 (4.7) | 26 (2.7) | 0.71 |
| Asian or Native American | 4 (6.3) | 70 (7.3) | |
| Mixed/other | 9 (14.1) | 168 (17.5) | |
| White | 48 (75.0) | 697 (72.5) | |
| Hispanic ethnicity, n (%) | 10 (15.6) | 243 (25.3) | 0.083 |
| Marital status, n (%) | |||
| Married or living with partner | 41 (64.1) | 669 (69.6) | 0.48 |
| Separated, divorced, or widowed | 2 (3.1) | 41 (4.3) | |
| Never been married | 21 (32.8) | 251 (26.1) | |
| Education, n (%) | |||
| Did not obtain a high school degree | 0 (0) | 10 (1) | 0.7 |
| Graduated from high school | 2 (3.1) | 35 (3.6) | |
| Graduated from college | 62 (96.9) | 916 (95.3) | |
| Job status, n (%) | |||
| Employed | 46 (71.9) | 823 (85.6) | 0.012 |
| Unemployed | 17 (26.6) | 132 (13.7) | |
| Prefer not to answer | 1 (1.6) | 6 (0.6) | |
| Income, n (%) | |||
| <$51,000 | 22 (34.4) | 248 (25.8) | 0.22 |
| >$51,000 | 37 (57.8) | 657 (68.4) | |
| Prefer not to answer | 5 (7.8) | 56 (5.8) | |
| Alcohol use, n (%) | |||
| Current | 58 (90.6) | 861 (89.6) | 0.94 |
| Former | 4 (6.3) | 62 (6.5) | |
| Never | 2 (3.1) | 38 (4.0) | |
| Binge drinking in last year, binary, n (%) | 28 (48.3) | 429 (49.8) | 0.82 |
| Cigarette use, n (%) | |||
| Current | 7 (10.9) | 51 (5.3) | 0.001 |
| Former | 18 (28.1) | 126 (13.1) | |
| Never | 39 (60.9) | 777 (80.9) | |
| I don't know | 0 (0) | 7 (0.7) | |
| Physical activity, days active, mean (SD) | 3.81 (1.95) | 4.09 (2.01) | 0.28 |
| Social support, mean (SD) | 35.9 (9.0) | 38.1 (7.9) | 0.031 |
| Perceived stress, mean (SD) | 17.4 (6.7) | 16.0 (7.2) | 0.14 |
| PHQ8, mean (SD) | 7.8 (5.8) | 6.0 (5.2) | 0.009 |
| GAD7, mean (SD) | 7.2 (5.7) | 5.7 (5.4) | 0.039 |
a
Independent unpaired t-test was used to test differences in continuous traits. For categorical variables, the Pearson χ2 test was used.
b
Percentages do not sum to 100% as information on the leukemia patient risk group is not presented.
BM, bone marrow; GAD7, Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale; PHQ8, Patient Health Questionnaire depression scale; PTSD, post-traumatic stress disorder.