Fig. 5. The number of species as a function of the exponent β.

Data are shown for λ = 1.2, σ_α = 0.5 and three different dimensions of phenotype space, d = 1 (squares), d = 2 (circles), and d = 3 (diamonds). Species are counted after 10⁷ generation and after merging the populations of similar phenotypes using a merging distance of Δx_species = 10⁻¹ (see description in main text). Note that the level of diversity shown for small β-values corresponds to the diversity evolving with stable equilibrium ecological dynamics.