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. 2021 Apr 23;11:8863. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-88346-w

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© The Author(s) 2021, corrected publication 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Effect of metformin or/and ulipristal on the expression of the apoptosis markers of rats’ uteri. (A–D) photomicrographs of uteri shows expression of apoptotic marker Bax. (A) Uterine wall in the control group. (B) Uterine wall in ulipristal treated group. (C) Uterine wall in metformin treated group. (D) Uterine wall in the ulipristal and metformin treated group. × 400 magnification (scale bar = 20 μm). (E) Expression quantification of the optical density reactivity of positive cells of Bax by the ImageJ analysis system. (F) Quantitative RT-PCR analysis of Bax mRNA expression. (G–J) photomicrographs of uteri shows expression of anti-apoptotic marker Bcl-2. (G) Uterine wall in the control group. (H) Uterine wall in ulipristal treated group. (I) Uterine wall in the metformin treated group. (J) Uterine wall in the ulipristal and metformin treated group. × 400 magnification (scale bar = 20 μm). (K) Expression quantification of the optical density reactivity of positive cells of Bcl-2 by the ImageJ analysis system. (L) Quantitative RT-PCR analysis of Bcl-2 mRNA expression. Black arrow refers to reactivity in endometrial glands, red arrows refers to reactivity in stromal cells. Data in figures (E) and (K) is represented by mean ± SD (n = 7). All value of RT-PCR is expressed as the change in cycle threshold (ΔCt). Each dot represents mean of each group (n = 7, triplicate for each rat). Negative control (DEPC-treated water) showed no detectable fluorescent signals. a or b, Statistically significant from the control or ulipristal and metformin treated group respectively at P < 0.05 using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey as a post hoc test. UPA ulipristal, MET metformin, UPA + MET co-treatment with ulipristal and metformin.