Table 1.

Composition of the in vitro wound milieu (IVWM) and rationale for inclusion of components.

Components	Final concentration in IVWM	Rationale	References
FBS	70%	Major component and base of IVWM; at this concentration, FBS accounts for several components in wound fluid	[29,30,38,40]
Lactic acid	11–12 ​mM	Host biochemical factor released in response to tissue damage; based on levels detected in wounds immediately following injury	[[41], [42], [43]]
Lactoferrin	20–30 ​μg/mL	Host biochemical factor increased in the presence of microbes	[[44], [45], [46], [47], [48], [49], [50], [51], [52]]
Fibrinogen	200–400 ​μg/mL	Host matrix protein, notably absent from serum, present in the wound milieu	[[54], [55], [56]]
Fibronectin	30–60 ​μg/mL	Host matrix protein, present in lower concentrations in the wound milieu	[55,[57], [58], [59], [60], [61], [62]]
Collagen	10–12 ​μg/mL	Host matrix protein, critical component of the wound bed	[20,21,25,28,[63], [64], [65], [66]]