Table 1.
Group demographics.
| PTSD (n = 67) | HC (n = 71) | TC (n = 29) | F/t/χ2 | p | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y, m±SD | 39.5 ± 11.4 | 36.3 ± 12.0 (19–65) | 36.8 ± 12.23 | F = 1.356 | 0.261 | |
| (range) | (19–63) | (19–63) | ||||
| Sex, female (%) | 46(68.66) | 53(74.65) | 10 (34.48) | χ2= 15.22 | P < 0.001 | PTSD > TC |
| HC > TC | ||||||
| CAPS, m±SD (range) | 65.99 ± 20.7 (21–115) | NA | 8.66 ± 10.50 (0–42) | t = 17.95 | P<0.001 | PTSD > TC |
| CADSS, m±SD (range) | 20.6 ± 13.17 (0–62) | NA | 6.60 ± 11.33 (0–47) | t = 5.04 | P<0.001 | PTSD > TC |
| BDI, m±SD (range) | 31.72 ± 12.36 (4–58) | NA | 7.81 ± 10.10 (0–40) | t = 9.66 | P<0.001 | PTSD > TC |
| Time since trauma, y | 20.51 ± 15.35 (0.75–51) | NA | 10.89 ± 8.81 (0.42–29) | t = -4.98 | P<0.001 | PTSD > TC |
| (range) | ||||||
| Trauma type, n (%) | ||||||
| Child abuse | 26(38.81) | NA | 0 | |||
| Road accident | 5(7.46) | NA | 11(37.9) | |||
| Assault | 13(19.4) | NA | 6 (20.7) | |||
| Death of loved one | 4(5.97) | NA | 4 (13.8) | |||
| Witnessed violence/police | 14(20.9) | NA | 4 (13.8) | |||
| Domestic violence | 5(7.46) | NA | 2 (6.89) | |||
| Current Medication, n (%) | ||||||
| SNRI | 11(16.42) | NA | NA | |||
| SSRI | 15(22.39) | NA | 1 (3.45) | |||
| Antidepressant | 13(19.4) | NA | NA | |||
| Antipsychotic | 10(14.93) | NA | NA | |||
| Benzodiazepam | 12(17.91) | NA | NA | |||
| Stimulant | 1(1.49) | NA | 1 (3.45) | |||
| Comorbid diagnoses, n (%) | ||||||
| Major Depression | 45(67.16) | NA | 2 (6.89) | |||
| Panic Disorder | 1(1.49) | NA | NA | |||
| Agoraphobia | 22(32.84) | NA | NA | |||
| Social Phobia | 30(44.78) | NA | 1 (3.45) | |||
| OCD | 11(16.42) | NA | NA | |||
| GAD | 28(41.79) | NA | 2(3) |
PTSD – Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, HC – Healthy Controls, TC – Trauma Controls, CAPS – Clinician Administered PTSD Scale, CADDS – Clinician Administered Dissociative States Scale, BDI – Becks Depression Inventory, SNRI – Serotonin Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors, SSRI – Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors, OCD – Obsessive Compulsive Disorder.