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Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Present-day area covered by páramos (red) and high Andean forests (dark gray). Magnified box shows the páramo complexes within the Boyacá and Cundinamarca massifs labeled in different colors. Map created in the software ArcGIS 10.7.