Table 1.
Echocardiography 10 weeks after intervention of heart failure cohort.
| VEH | RAPA | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cardiac Function and Dimension | SHAM | TAC | SHAM | TAC |
| No. of animals | 7 | 9 | 6 | 8 |
| HR (bpm) | 489 ± 22.2 | 512.5 ± 16.5 | 536.2 ± 13.3 | 529.6 ± 19.5 |
| LVM (mg) | 66.9 ± 7.9 | 105.2 ± 7.4 * | 52.5 ± 6.1 † | 64.3 ± 3.7 † |
| LVID-d (mm) | 4± ± 0.1 | 4.3 ± 0.1 | 3.9 ± 0.1b | 3.9 ± 0.1 † |
| LVID-s (mm) | 2.9 ± 0.2 | 3.6 ± 0.2 * | 3.0 ± 0.1 | 3.1 ± 0.1 |
| LVAW-d (mm) | 0.6 ± 0.04 | 0.8 ± 0.03 * | 0.5 ± 0.02 † | 0.6 ± 0.03 † |
| LVAW-s (mm) | 0.7 ± 0.1 | 1 ± 0.04 * | 0.7 ± 0.02 † | 0.8 ± 0.02 † |
| LVPW-d (mm) | 0.6 ± 0.02 | 0.7 ± 0.2 * | 0.5 ± 0.02*, † | 0.6 ± 0.1 † |
| LVPW-s (mm) | 0.8 ± 0.03 | 0.9 ± 0.03 | 0.7 ± 0.03 † | 0.8 ± 0.03 |
| EDV (µL) | 70 ± 4.4 | 85.5 ± 5.5 * | 66.8 ± 2.8 † | 67.2 ± 2.1 † |
| ESV (µL) | 33.2 ± 4.1 | 55.7 ± 7.6 * | 34.5 ± 2.9 | 36.9 ± 2.3 |
| SV (µL) | 36.9 ± 1.2 | 29.8 ± 3.1 | 32.3 ± 1.5 | 30.3 ± 1.9 |
| CO (mL/min) | 18.1 ± 1.1 | 15.1 ± 1.5 | 17.4 ± 0.9 | 15.9 ± 0.9 |
| EF (%) | 53.8 ± 3.1 | 36.9 ± 4.8 * | 48.7 ± 2.9 | 45.3 ± 2.7 |
| FS (%) | 27.7 ± 1.9 | 18 ± 2.5 * | 24.2 ± 0.8 | 22.3 ± 1.6 |
| Aortic vel. desc (mm/s) | 1199 ± 72 | 1268 ± 139 | 1143 ± 100 | 1097 ± 105 |
| Aortic vel. asc (mm/s) | −946 ± 74 | −3107 ± 142 * | −887 ± 62 † | −2543 ± 257 *, ‡ |
| Aortic Peak Pressure (mmHg) | 3.7 ± 0.6 | 39.3 ± 3.4 * | 3.2 ± 0.5 † | 28 ± 5.3 *, ‡ |
| Pressure Gradient P (mmHg) | −2.2 ± 1.1 | 32.2 ± 3.2 * | −2.2 ± 1 † | 22.8 ± 5.8 *, ‡ |
Mean ± SEM of biological replicates. Two-Way-ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s-posttest. p < 0.05. * vs. SHAM VEH-Group, † vs. TAC VEH-group, ‡ vs. SHAM RAPA-group. HR = heart rate; LVM = left ventricular mass; LVID-d = left ventricular internal diameter, diastolic; LVID-s = left ventricular internal diameter, systolic; LVAW-d = left ventricular anterior wall, diastolic; LVAW-s = left ventricular anterior wall, systolic; LVPW-d = left ventricular posterior wall, diastolic; LVPW-s = left ventricular posterior wall, systolic; ESV = end-systolic volume; EDV = end-diastolic volume; SV = stroke volume; CO = cardiac output; EF = ejection fraction; FS = fractional shortening; Ao. Peak Vel. Desc = aortic peak velocity, descendic; aortic peak velocity, ascendic.