. 2021 Mar 27;12(4):488. doi: 10.3390/genes12040488

Table 1.

Ion and voltage-gated channels of mammalian sperm.

Location	Specie
Location	Human	Bovine	Dog	Mouse	Rat
Head	Ca_v2.1^c, Ca_v3.1^d, Ca_v3.3^d, TRPC1^a, TRPC3^a, TRPC4^a, TRPC6^a, IP3R ^j	IP₃R ^j	IP₃R ^j	Ca_v1.2^b, Ca_v2.1^c, Ca_v2.2^d, Ca_v2.3^d, Ca_v3.1^d, Ca_v3.2^d, TRPC2^a, IP₃R ^j	IP₃R ^j
Mid-piece	Ca_v1.2^b, Ca_v2.3^d, Ca_v3.1^d, Ca_v3.2^d, Ca_v3.3^d, TRPC3^a, TRPC4^a, TRPC6^a	CNGA3^e		Catsper2^h, Ca_v2.1^c, Ca_v2.3^d, Ca_v3.1^d, Ca_v3.3^d, TRPC1^a, TRPC3^a, TRPC6^a
Upper tail	Ca_v1.2^b, Ca_v3.1^d, Ca_v3.2^d, TRPC1^a, TRPC4^a, TRPC6^a	CNGA3^e, CNGB1^f		Catsper1^g, Catsper2^h, Ca_v1.2^b, Ca_v2.2^d, Ca_v2.3^d, Ca_v3.1^k, Ca_v3.2^d, Ca_v3.3^d, TRPC1^a, TRPC3^a
Lower tail	Ca_v2.3^d	CNGA3^e		Ca_v3.2^d, TRPC3^a

Note: TRPC, transient receptor potential channel; Ca_v, voltage-gated calcium channels; Catsper, cation channel of sperm; IP₃R, inositol tri-phosphate receptor; CNG, cyclic nucleotide gated (Channels). ^a [58,59,60,61]; ^b [62]; ^c [63]; ^d [64,65,66]; ^e [67,68]; ^f [69]; ^g [70]; ^h [71]; ^j [72]; ^k [73].