. 2021 Apr 5;9(4):419. doi: 10.3390/healthcare9040419

Table 3.

Comparison of physical fitness.

Physical Fitness Components	Group	T0	T1	T2	Group	Time	Group × Time Interaction
Cardiorespiratory fitness	CWPAG	113.9 ± 16.41	120.7 ± 10.47 *	135.65 ± 10.52 ***	F(2) = 0.52, p = 0.599, partial η² = 0.025	F(2) = 39.82, p < 0.001, partial η² = 0.434	F(4) = 4.26, p = 0.003, partial η² = 0.141
	CWPSG	111.71 ± 19.4	124.05 ± 15.15 **	125.48 ± 22.46 **
	NWSG	97.27 ± 10.94	126.82 ± 6.87 ***	127 ± 13.04 ***
Lower extremity muscular strength	CWPAG	16.65 ± 2.62	19.6 ± 3.89	24.8 ± 5.05 **	F(2) = 0.24, p = 0.79, partial η² = 0.004	F(2) = 10.91, p < 0.001, partial η² = 0.173	F(4) = 0.39, p = 0.817, partial η² = 0.015
	CWPSG	17.67 ± 3.38	19.9 ± 3.02	27.24 ± 26.35 **
	NWSG	13.45 ± 2.66	20.55 ± 2.7	22.55 ± 2.5 *
Active balance ability	CWPAG	7.03 ± 0.98	6.56 ± 1.02 **	5.56 ± 0.56 ***	F(2) = 1.35, p = 0.266, partial η² = 0.069	F(2) = 77.65, p < 0.001, partial η² = 0.599	F(4) = 4.04, p = 0.004, partial η² = 0.134
	CWPSG	7.37 ± 1.16	6.5 ± 0.78 **	5.8 ± 0.74 ***
	NWSG	7.82 ± 0.9	5.88 ± 0.69 ***	5.73 ± 0.74 ***

Results are expressed as mean ± standard deviation. CWPAG: cognitive walking program-active group; CWPSG: cognitive walking program-sedentary group; NWG: normal walking-sedentary group. Significance level of the contrasts of marginal linear predictions vs. Time 0: * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001.