Table 4.
Sources of resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense characterized in articles on the improvement of banana to Fusarium wilt carried out in the last ten years.
| Musa Germplasm | Musa Genome | Race | Level of Tolerance or Resistance to Races | Institution and Location/Country Where Germplasm Was Screened | Known Use to Mitigate Fusarium Impact | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M53 | AA | Race 1 | R | Embrapa cassava and fruit growing, Brazil | In breeding programs | [33,78,107] |
| Birmanie | AA | Race 1 | R | Embrapa cassava and fruit growing, Brazil | In breeding programs | [78,107] |
| PA Songkla | AA | Race 1 | R | Embrapa cassava and fruit growing, Brazil | In breeding programs | [78] |
| Pirua | AAA | Race 1 | R | Embrapa cassava and fruit growing, Brazil | Brazil | [78] |
| Imperial | AAA | Race 1 | R | Embrapa cassava and fruit growing, Brazil | Brazil | [78] |
| Poyo | AAA | Race 1 | R | Embrapa cassava and fruit growing, Brazil [78], DAFF, Australia [84] | Brazil, Africa | [78,84] |
| BRS Vitória | AAAB | Race 1 | R | Embrapa cassava and fruit growing, Brazil | Brazil | [107] |
| Ambei | AA | Race 1 | R | Embrapa cassava and fruit growing, Brazil | In breeding programs | [78] |
| Walebo | AAA | Race 1 | R | Embrapa cassava and fruit growing, Brazil | Brazil | [78] |
| Kongo FRF 1286 | AAA | Race 1 | R | Embrapa cassava and fruit growing, Brazil | Brazil | [78] |
| Pisang Nangka | AAB | Race 1 | R | Embrapa cassava and fruit growing, Brazil | Brazil, Africa, Australia | [78] |
| Pisang Jaran | AA | Race 1 | R | Embrapa cassava and fruit growing, Brazil | In breeding programs | [78] |
| Tjau Lagada | AA | Race 1 | R | Embrapa cassava and fruit growing, Brazil [33,78] | In breeding programs | [33,78] |
| Mangana | AA | Race 1 | R | Embrapa cassava and fruit growing, Brazil | In breeding programs | [78] |
| Pisang Pipit | AAA | Race 1 | R | Embrapa cassava and fruit growing, Brazil | In breeding programs | [78] |
| Pisang Rojo Uter | AA | Race 1 | R | Embrapa cassava and fruit growing, Brazil | In breeding programs | [78] |
| 2803-01 | AA | Race 1 | R | Embrapa cassava and fruit growing, Brazil | In breeding programs | [78] |
| GN. P. Formoso | AAA | Race 1 | R | Embrapa cassava and fruit growing, Brazil | In breeding programs | [109] |
| Pisang Tongat | AA | Race 1 | R | Embrapa cassava and fruit growing, Brazil | In breeding programs | [78] |
| Mchare cultivars | AA | Race 1 | R | Stellenbosch University, South Africa (Arusha, Tanzania) | Africa | [112] |
| Mchare hybrids | AA | Race 1 | R | Stellenbosch University, South Africa (Arusha, Tanzania) | Africa | [112] |
| NARITA hybrids | AA | Race 1 | R | Stellenbosch University, South Africa (Kawanda, Uganda) | Africa | [112] |
| Figo Cinza | ABB | Race 1 | R | Embrapa cassava and fruit growing, Brazil [78] Banana Germplasm Bank of the Itajaí Research Station [111] |
Brazil | [78,111] |
| M-61 | AAA | Race 1 | R | Embrapa cassava and fruit growing, Brazil | In breeding programs | [78] |
| Nanicão Magario | AAA | Race 1 | R | Embrapa cassava and fruit growing, Brazil | Brazil | [78] |
| Buitenzorg | AA | Race 1 | R | Embrapa cassava and fruit growing, Brazil | In breeding programs | [78] |
| BRS Platina | AAAB | Race 1 | R | Embrapa cassava and fruit growing, Brazil [33,78,107] Itajaí Research Station, Brazil [111] |
Brazil | [33,78,107,111] |
| Nanica | AAA | Race 1 | R | Embrapa cassava and fruit growing, Brazil | Brazil | [78,107,109] |
| Pisang Ustrali | AAB | Race 1 | R | Embrapa cassava and fruit growing, Brazil | In breeding programs | [78] |
| Markatooa | AAA | Race 1 | R | Embrapa cassava and fruit growing, Brazil | In breeding programs | [78] |
| Robusta | AAA | Race 1 | R | Embrapa cassava and fruit growing, Brazil | In breeding programs | [78] |
| BRS Pacovan Ken | AAAB | Race 1 | R | Embrapa cassava and fruit growing, Brazil | Brazil | [78,107] |
| BRS Princesa | AAAB | Race 1 | R | Federal Institute of the Triangulo Mineiro, Brazil [74], Embrapa cassava and fruit growing, Brazil [33,107] | Brazil | [33,81,107] |
| BRS Japira | AAAB | Race 1 | R | Federal Institute of the Triangulo Mineiro, Brazil [81] Embrapa cassava and fruit growing, Brazil [107] | Brazil | [81,107] |
| BRS Tropical | AAAB | Race 1 | R | Federal Institute of the Triangulo Mineiro, Brazil | Brazil | [81] |
| Grand Naine | AAA | Race 1 | R | Embrapa cassava and fruit growing, Brazil [33,78,107,109], Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil [111] | Cavendish for export | [33,78,107,109,111] |
| Nanicão | AAA | Race 1 | R | Embrapa cassava and fruit growing, Brazil [78,111], Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil [111] | Brazil | [78,109,111] |
| SCS452 Corupá | AAA | Race 1 | R | Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil | Brazil | [111] |
| Zellig | AAA | Race 1 | R | Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil | Brazil | [111] |
| Figo | ABB | Race 1 | R | Embrapa cassava and fruit growing, Brazil [78], Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil [111] | In breeding programs | [78,111] |
| FHIA-17 | AAAA | Race 1 | R | DAFF, Australia | Honduras, Brazil | [84] |
| SH-3640.10 | AAAB | Race 1 | R | DAFF, Australia | Honduras, Brazil, Mozambique, Cameroon | [84] |
| Long Tavoy | * | Race 1 | R | University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia | In breeding programs | [31] |
| Kasaska | * | Race 1 | R | University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia | In breeding programs | [31] |
| Monyet | * | Race 1 | R | University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia | In breeding programs | [31] |
| Mwitu Pemba | * | Race 1 | R | University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia | In breeding programs | [31] |
| Hom Thong Mokho | AAA | Race 1 | R | Department of Agriculture and Fisheries (DAF), Queensland, Australia | Australia | [101] |
| Mambee Thu | AA | Race 1 | R | Embrapa cassava and fruit growing, Brazil | In breeding programs | [78] |
| PV03-79 | AAAB | Race 1 | R | Embrapa cassava and fruit growing, Brazil | In breeding programs | [78] |
| Terra Maranhão | AAB | Race 1 | R | Embrapa cassava and fruit growing, Brazil | Brazil | [107] |
| Williams | AAA | Race 1 | R | DAFF, Australia [101], Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil [111] | Cavendish for export | [101,111] |
| Williams | AAA | STR4 | SS | University of Queensland, Australia | Cavendish for export | [72] |
| SH-3217 | AA | STR4 | R | University of Queensland, Australia | In breeding programs | [72] |
| Ma250 | AA | STR4 | R | University of Queensland, Australia | In breeding programs | [72] |
| Pisang Bangkahulu | AA | STR4 | R | University of Queensland, Australia | In breeding programs | [72] |
| M61 Guadelope | * | STR4 | SS | University of Queensland, Australia | In breeding programs | [72] |
| CAM-020 | AAA | STR4 | S | University of Queensland, Australia | In breeding programs | [72] |
| SH-3142 | AA | TR4 | SS | (IFTR-GDAAS), Guangzhou, China |
In breeding programs | [77] |
| FHIA-1 (“Gold Finger”) | AAAB | TR4 | S | GDAAS, Guangzhou, China | Australia, Brazil, Mexico, Colombia, EUA | [75] |
| GCTCV-119 | AAA | TR4 | HR | Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China |
China, Taiwan, The Philippines, Mozambique. | [92] |
| M61 Guadeloupe | * | TR4 | R | University of Queensland, Australia | In breeding programs | [72] |
| CAM-020 | AAA | TR4 | R | University of Queensland, Australia | In breeding programs | [72] |
| Ibwi E | AAA | TR4 | R | (IFTR-GDAAS), Guangzhou, China |
EAHBs | [77] |
| Igitsiri (Intuntu) | AAA | TR4 | R | (IFTR-GDAAS), Guangzhou, China |
EAHBs | [77] |
| Ingagara | AAA | TR4 | R | (IFTR-GDAAS), Guangzhou, China |
EAHBs | [77] |
| Inkira | AAA | TR4 | R | (IFTR-GDAAS), Guangzhou, China |
EAHBs | [77] |
| Intokatoke | AAA | TR4 | R | (IFTR-GDAAS), Guangzhou, China |
EAHBs | [77] |
| Kazirakwe | AAA | TR4 | R | (IFTR-GDAAS), Guangzhou, China |
EAHBs | [77] |
| Mbwazirume | AAA | TR4 | HR | (IFTR-GDAAS), Guangzhou, China |
Africa | [77] |
| Akpakpak | AAB | TR4 | HR | (IFTR-GDAAS), Guangzhou, China |
Africa | [77] |
| Curaré Enano | AAB | TR4 | R | (IFTR-GDAAS), Guangzhou, China |
Africa | [77] |
| Obino l’Ewai | AAB | TR4 | R | (IFTR-GDAAS), Guangzhou, China |
Africa | [77] |
| Obubit Ntanga | AAB | TR4 | R | (IFTR-GDAAS), Guangzhou, China |
Africa | [77] |
| Orishele False Horn | AAB | TR4 | HR | (IFTR-GDAAS), Guangzhou, China |
Africa | [77] |
| Pisang Ceylan | AAB | TR4 | R | (IFTR-GDAAS), Guangzhou, China |
Africa | [77] |
| Pisang Rajah | AAB | TR4 | R | (IFTR-GDAAS), Guangzhou, China |
Africa | [77] |
| Musa itinerans | * | TR4 | HR | (IFTR-GDAAS), Guangzhou, China |
In breeding programs | [77] |
| CIRAD930/DH Pahang | AA | TR4 | HR | (IFTR-GDAAS), Guangzhou, China |
In breeding programs | [77] |
| NBA 14 | AA | TR4 | R | (IFTR-GDAAS), Guangzhou, China |
In breeding programs | [77] |
| Banksii | AA | TR4 | R | (IFTR-GDAAS), Guangzhou, China |
In breeding programs | [77] |
| Maia Oa | AA | TR4 | R | (IFTR-GDAAS), Guangzhou, China |
In breeding programs | [77] |
| Zebrina | AA | TR4 | SS | (IFTR-GDAAS), Guangzhou, China |
In breeding programs | [77] |
| Pa (Rayong) | AA | TR4 | R | (IFTR-GDAAS), Guangzhou, China |
In breeding programs | [77] |
| Figue Rose | AA | TR4 | R | (IFTR-GDAAS), Guangzhou, China |
In breeding programs | [77] |
| Khai (Kampengpeth) | AA | TR4 | R | (IFTR-GDAAS), Guangzhou, China |
In breeding programs | [77] |
| Tani | BB | TR4 | R | (IFTR-GDAAS), Guangzhou, China |
In breeding programs | [77] |
| Pisang Klutuk Wulung | BB | TR4 | R | (IFTR-GDAAS), Guangzhou, China |
In breeding programs | [77] |
| Musa beccarii Callimusa | * | TR4 | R | (IFTR-GDAAS), Guangzhou, China |
In breeding programs | [77] |
| Musa laterita Rhodochlamys | * | TR4 | R | (IFTR-GDAAS), Guangzhou, China |
In breeding programs, | [77] |
| Musa maclayi ssp. | * | TR4 | R | (IFTR-GDAAS), Guangzhou, China |
In breeding programs, | [77] |
| Khai Thong Ruang | AAA | TR4 | R | (IFTR-GDAAS), Guangzhou, China |
In breeding programs | [77] |
| Kamaramasenge | AB | TR4 | R | (IFTR-GDAAS), Guangzhou, China |
In breeding programs | [77] |
| Rukumamb | AAB | TR4 | R | (IFTR-GDAAS), Guangzhou, China |
Australia, Papua New Guinea | [77] |
| Thap Maeo | AAB | TR4 | R | (IFTR-GDAAS), Guangzhou, China |
Brazil, Honduras | [77] |
| Foconah | AAB | TR4 | R | (IFTR-GDAAS), Guangzhou, China |
In breeding programs | [77] |
| Poingo | AAB | TR4 | R | (IFTR-GDAAS), Guangzhou, China |
In breeding programs | [77] |
| FHIA-21 | AAAB | TR4 | R | (IFTR-GDAAS), Guangzhou, China [77], DAFF, Australia [84] |
In breeding programs | [77,84] |
| Blue Java | ABB | TR4 | R | (IFTR-GDAAS), Guangzhou, China [77], Embrapa cassava and fruit growing, Brazil [107] |
China, Africa, Brazil | [77,107] |
| Namwa Khom | ABB | TR4 | HR | (IFTR-GDAAS), Guangzhou, China [77], DAF, Australia [101] |
China, Africa, Thailand | [77,101] |
| FHIA-02 | AAAA | TR4 | R | DAFF, Australia | Africa, Brazil, Colombia, Honduras | [72,84] |
| SH-3362 (“Pita-16”) | * | TR4 | R | DAFF, Australia | In breeding programs | [72] |
| M. yunnanensis | * | TR4 | R | South China Agricultural University | Wild germplasm | [75] |
| M. basjoo | * | TR4 | R | South China Agricultural University | Wild germplasm | [75] |
| M. nagensium | * | TR4 | R | South China Agricultural University | Wild germplasm | [75] |
| M. ruiliensis | * | TR4 | R | South China Agricultural University | Wild germplasm | [75] |
| M. velutina | * | TR4 | R | South China Agricultural University | Wild germplasm | [75] |
| Nantianqing | AAA | TR4 | MR | Dongguan Banana Vegetable Institute, China | China | [51] |
| Dongjiao 1 | AAA | TR4 | MR | Dongguan Banana Vegetable Institute, China | China | [51] |
| Kangku 1 | AAA | TR4 | R | Dongguan Banana Vegetable Institute, China | China | [51] |
| G6-2 | AAA | TR4 | R | Dongguan Banana Vegetable Institute, China | China | [51] |
| Yueke 1 | AAA | TR4 | MR | Dongguan Banana Vegetable Institute, China | China | [51] |
| Nongke 1 | AAA | TR4 | MR | Dongguan Banana Vegetable Institute, China | China | [51] |
| Kangku 5 | AAA | TR4 | HR | Dongguan Banana Vegetable Institute, China | China | [51] |
| Nantianhuang | AAA | TR4 | MR | Dongguan Banana Vegetable Institute, China | China | [51] |
| BXM51 | AAA | TR4 | MR | Dongguan Banana Vegetable Institute, China | China | [51] |
| Yueyoukang 1 | AAA | TR4 | R | South China Agricultural University | China | [113] |
| Pisang Gajih Merah | AAA | TR4 | SS | University of Queensland, Australia | Australia | [72] |
| GCTCV-218 Formosana | AAA | TR4 | R | University of Queensland, Australia and Northern Mozambique | China, Taiwan, Philippines and Mozambique. | [5,72] |
| FHIA-01 (“Goldfinger”) | AAAB | Race 1/STR4 | R | DAFF, Australia [84], FHIA, Honduras [93] | Africa, Australia, Honduras | [84,93] |
| Tuu Gia | AA | Race 1/TR4 | HR | (IFTR-GDAAS), Guangzhou, China |
In breeding programs | [77] |
| Pisang Lilin | AA | Race 1/TR4 | R | (IFTR-GDAAS), Guangzhou, China |
In breeding programs | [77] |
| Borneo | AA | Race 1/TR4 | R | National Agricultural Research Laboratories (NARL) [31] (IFTR-GDAAS), Guangzhou, China [80] and Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands [102] |
In breeding programs | [31,77,102] |
| Pisang Berlin | AA | Race 1/TR4 | R | (IFTR-GDAAS), Guangzhou, China [77], Embrapa cassava and fruit growing, Brazil [78] |
In breeding programs | [77,78] |
| Zebrina GF | * | Race 1/TR4 | R | University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia [31], IFTR-GDAAS, Guangzhou, China [77] |
In breeding programs | [31,77] |
| Pahang | AA | Race 1/STR4/TR4 | HR | University of Queensland, Australia [72], Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China [74,114] and IFTR-GDAAS, Guangzhou, China [77] |
In breeding programs | [72,74,77,114] |
| Calcutta-4 | AA | Race 1/STR4/TR4 | HR | University of Queensland, Australia [66] and (IFTR-GDAAS), Guangzhou, China [72] |
In breeding programs | [72,77] |
| Ma851 | AA | STR4/TR4 | R | University of Queensland, Australia | In breeding programs | [72] |
| Ma852 | AA | STR4/TR4 | R | University of Queensland, Australia | In breeding programs | [72] |
| Calcutta4-IV9 | AA | STR4/TR4 | R | University of Queensland, Australia [66] and IFTR-GDAAS, Guangzhou, China [72] |
In breeding programs | [72,77] |
| SH-3362 | AA | STR4/TR4 | R | University of Queensland, Australia | In breeding programs | [72] |
| SH-3142 | AA | STR4/TR4 | R | University of Queensland, Australia | In breeding programs | [72] |
| Madang Guadeloupe | AA | STR4/TR4 | R | University of Queensland, Australia | In breeding programs of | [72] |
| FHIA-1 (“Gold Finger”) | AAAB | STR4/TR4 | R | University of Queensland, Australia | Australia, Brazil, Mexico, Colombia, EUA | [72] |
| FHIA-25 | AAB | STR4/TR4 | R | University of Queensland, Australia [72], (IFTR-GDAAS), Guangzhou, China [77], Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands [102] |
Africa, Latin America and Australia (Honduras, Colombia, Brazil, Jamaica, Mozambique) | [72,77,102] |
| GCTCV-119 | AAA | STR4/TR4 | R | University of Queensland, Australia and Northern Mozambique | China, Taiwan, The Philippines, Mozambique | [5,72] |
| Ma850 | AA | ST4/TR4 | R | University of Queensland, Australia | In breeding programs | [72] |
| Pisang Jari Buaya | AA | STR4/TR4 | R | University of Queensland, Australia [72] and (IFTR-GDAAS), Guangzhou, China [77] |
In breeding programs | [72,77] |
| FHIA-18 | AAAB | STR4/TR4 | R | University of Queensland, Australia [72], IFTM Brazil [81], DAFF, Australia [84], Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil [111] | Africa, Latin America and Australia (Honduras, Colombia, Jamaica, Mozambique) | [72,81,84,111] |
R, SS, MS, S, and HS abbreviate resistant, slightly susceptible, moderately susceptible, susceptible, and highly susceptible. EAHBs = East African Highland Bananas; IFTR-GDAAS = Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences; EMBRAPA = Brazilian agricultural research corporation; DAFF = Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry.