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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: Allergy. 2020 Mar 10;75(8):2005–2019. doi: 10.1111/all.14241

FIG 6. IL-1β treatment is protective against RV-induced type 2 inflammation.

FIG 6.

Six day-old wild type C57BL/6 mice were inoculated with sham or RV in combination with recombinant mouse IL-1β. A-C. Whole-lung mRNA and protein were assessed 1 day (Cxcl 1, Cxcl2, Tnfα and Il33) or 7 days (Il5, Il13, Il17, Il25, Ifng, Muc5ac and Gob5) post infection. D. RV positive strand RNA was assessed 24 h after infection, and presented as viral copy number in total lung. (N =3–4, mean±SEM, *different from sham, p<0.05; † different from RV, p<0.05, one-way ANOVA). E. Two days post-infection, lungs were stained for IL-33 (red), IL-25 (green), RV VP3 protein (red), and nuclei (DAPI, black). Scale bar, 50 μm. IL-25 and IL-33 were quantified as the fraction of epithelium that was positively stained, measured by NIH ImageJ software (N =4, mean±SEM, *different from sham, p<0.05; † different from RV, p<0.05, one-way ANOVA). F. PAS staining and Muc5ac immunofluorescence were examined 21 d post infection (bar=50 μm). PAS and Muc5ac were quantified as the fraction of epithelium that was positively stained, measured by NIH ImageJ software (N =4, mean±SEM, *different from sham, p<0.05; † different from RV, p<0.05, one-way ANOVA).