Table 1.

Genes, dysfunction of which may cause male meiotic restitution in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Genes	Gene Function	Reference
AESP	Proper disjunction of chromosomes	(Liu and Makaroff, 2006) [26]
AFH14	Organization of microtubule and microfilament arrays	(Li et al., 2010) [27]
ANQ1/MKK6	Male meiotic cytokinesis	(Takahashi et al., 2010) [16]
CALS5	Callose synthase	(Dong et al., 2005) [28]
CDM1	Callose metabolism	(Lu et al., 2014) [29]
CYCA1;2/TAM	Meiosis II cell cycle transition	(d’Erfurth et al., 2010) [11]
MMD1/DUET	Chromatin condensation, spindle and phragmoplast formation	(Andreuzza et al., 2015; Wang et al., 2016) [22,23]
DYAD/SWITCH1	Meiotic chromosome organization	(Ravi et al., 2008) [30]
GSL1 and 5	Callose wall formation	(Enns et al., 2005) [31]
JASON	Meiosis II spindle orientation	(Brownfield et al., 2015; De Storme and Geelen, 2011) [13,32]
KINESIN-12	Polymerization of phragmoplast microtubules	(Liu et al., 2010; Oh et al., 2014) [33,34]
MPK4	Male meiotic cytokinesis	(Kosetsu et al., 2010; Zeng et al., 2011) [18,35]
MS4	Meiosis progression	(Chaudhury et al., 1994) [36]
MYB33/65	GA signaling downstream transcription regulators	(Liu et al., 2017; Millar and Gubler, 2005) [37,38]
OSD1	Meiosis cycle transition	(Cromer et al., 2012; d’Erfurth et al., 2009) [19,39]
PANS1	Centromeric cohesion maintenance of sister chromatid in meiosis II	(Zamariola et al., 2014) [40]
AtPS1	Meiosis II spindle orientation	(Brownfield et al., 2015; d’Erfurth et al., 2008) [12,32]
RGA and GAI	GA signaling repressors	(Liu et al., 2017) [37]
RSW4	RMA organization	(Yang et al., 2011) [41]
SDS	Homolog synapsis and recombination	(Azumi et al., 2002) [20]
SHUGOSHIN 1/2	Centromeric cohesion maintenance at anaphase I	(Zamariola et al., 2013; Zamariola et al., 2014) [40,42]
TES2	Male meiotic cytokinesis	(Spielman et al., 1997; Yang et al., 2003a) [15,17]
TIO	Male meiotic cytokinesis	(Oh et al., 2014) [34]