Figure 5.

C. jejuni induced immune cell responses following clove EO treatment of infected IL-10^−/− mice. Microbiota-depleted IL-10^−/− mice were perorally infected with C. jejuni strain 81-176 on day (d) 0 and d1. From d2 until d6 post-infection (p.i.), mice were perorally challenged with clove EO or received placebo (PLC) via drinking water. On day 6 p.i., the average numbers of (A) macrophages and monocytes (F4/80⁺), (B) T lymphocytes (CD3⁺), (C) regulatory T cells (FOXP3⁺) and (D) B lymphocytes (B220⁺) per animal were determined in immunohistochemically stained colonic paraffin sections from six high power fields (HPF, 400× magnification). Box plots indicate the 75th and the 25th percentiles of the median (black bar within box). Naive mice were included as negative control animals. The total range, significance levels (p values) determined by the Kruskal-Wallis test and Dunn’s post-correction and the total numbers of analyzed mice (in parentheses) are given. Data were pooled from four independent experiments.