Fig. 4.

Comparison of the p value magnitude between our test and at-test test, b Levene test, c Wilcoxon test, depending on the simulation parameters n (sample size) and r (proportion of affected cases). Here we show the results for d=3. The colors indicate the difference in log10 between the p values returned by both method. For example b indicates that our test’s p value is two orders of magnitude smaller (×10⁻²) than that of the Levine test. We capped the maximal difference at 4 for visual clarity. We ran 10⁸ permutations to compute the p values for our test; therefore, we set the minimal p value to 10⁻⁷ for all methods in order to avoid artifacts of p values estimation accuracy