Table 2.

Percentages of parents’ barriers to participation in SFP overall and for the mass media approach and HCA, the Netherlands, 2016–2018 (N=106)

Barriers	Overall (%)	MMA (%)	HCA (%)	Difference between approaches p
Reasons for declining
Had already quit smoking	15.0	20.8	10.4	0.04*
TC was too expensive	10.5	10.4	11.1	0.87
Did not want to quit	9.5	10.4	9.6	0.86
Did not want to receive cessation assistance	5.0	3.9	5.9	0.52
Had already found other cessation assistance	3.2	3.9	3.0	0.71
Wanted to receive other cessation assistance	3.2	1.3	4.4	0.22
Other	2.7	1.3	3.7	0.31
Other reasons for not participating after referral
Unable to reacha	32.7	23.4	36.3	0.05
Did not fulfil inclusion criteriab	18.2	24.7	15.6	0.15

HCA: healthcare approach. MMA: mass media approach. TC: telephone counselling.

^aUnable to reach was identified by the research team when the smoking cessation counsellors were either unable to reach parents at all or unable to reach parents after they had been able to reach parents once.

^bExamples of the inclusion criteria for the RCT were: 1) being at least a weekly smoker; 2) being a parent/caretaker of a child aged 0–18 years; and 3) having the intention to quit smoking currently or in the future¹⁸.

^*Statistically significant, p<0.05.