Table 3.

Overview of potential treatments beyond antibiotics for recurrent cystitis in women.

Characteristics	Hormonal Replacement	Immunoactive Prophylaxis	Lactobacillus	Cranberry	Hyaluronic Acid	D-mannose
Data maturity	Solid	Solid	Poor	Poor	Poor	Poor
Route of Administration	Vaginal	Oral	Oral	Oral	Endovesical Oral	Oral
Adverse Events	Vaginal discomfort, irritation, burning, itching	None	None	None	Burning during instillation (78%)	Diarrhea (<8%)
EAU Guidelines on Urinary Tract Infections	Recommended for post-menopausal women (weak)	More effective than placebo (strong)	Further trials are needed before recommendation for or against its use	Contradictory results. No recommendation	No recommendation	Data indicative but not sufficient for recommendation