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. 2021 Apr 1;9(4):340. doi: 10.3390/vaccines9040340

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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The detection of neutralizing antibodies in hamsters by PRNT90 after vaccination (A,B), and serum reactivity to spike protein’s RBD, S1 and S2 region (C–E). A plaque reduction neutralization test with a cutoff of 90% was used to determine neutralizing antibody production after 21and 42 days post vaccination (DPV) for both SC (A) and IM (B) routes of vaccine administration. The prime vaccination was given at 0 DPV and a booster vaccination given at 21 DPV. Data points represent group mean +/− SD. Results of ELISAs measuring serum reactivity to RBD (C) and S1 (D) and S2 (E) protein. Graphs on the left panel shows optical density (OD) at 450 nm (y-axis) vs. serum dilutions (x-axis). Values represent mean +/− SD, n = 4. Right panel shows area under the curve (AUC) calculated for each dilution for individual hamsters.