Figure 5.

Effects of different concentrations of DES (9, 4.5, and 2.5 mg/mL) on the growth of (a) S. aureus DSM 20231, (b) E. coli DSM 30083, and (c) L. moncytogenes DSM 20600; low-fat UHT milk was used as food matrix, and antibacterial activity of the extracts was tested at 6 °C for 7 days by comparing bacterial growth with control conditions (CTR, low-fat UHT milk alone). Values are the average of four biological replicates (see materials and methods).