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. 2021 Apr 3;12(4):523. doi: 10.3390/genes12040523

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Milk fat synthesis in ruminant mammary epithelial cells. Key proteins are in gray boxes. ACACA: acetyl-CoA carboxylase; AGPAT: acyl glycerol phosphate acyl transferase; ACSL: acyl-CoA synthetase long chain; ACSS2: acyl-CoA synthetase short-chain family member 2; BTN: butyrophilin; CD36: cluster of differentiation 36; CLD: cytoplasmic lipid droplet; CoA: coenzyme A; DGAT: diacyl glycerol acyl transferase; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; FA: fatty acid; FABP: fatty acid binding protein; FASN: fatty acid synthase; Glut 1: glucose transporter-1; GPAT: glycerol-3 phosphate acyl transferase; LM mRNA: lipogenic gene mRNA; LPIN: phosphatidate phosphatase LPIN1; LPL: lipoprotein lipase; MFG: milk fat globule; PPARG: peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ; SCD: stearoyl-CoA desaturase; SREBF1: sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 1; TG: triglyceride; VLDL: very low-density lipoprotein.