Table 1.
Timeline of phase III clinical trials of leading vaccines up to March 2021. Specific codes, i.e., 1a, 1b, etc., are assigned to each registered clinical trial where the details and findings are tabulated in Table S1 under the supplementary document.
| No. | Primary Developers | Year and Month | 2020 | 2021 | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vaccine Name | 04 | 05 | 06 | 07 | 08 | 09 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 01 | 02 | 03 | ||
| 1 | Pfizer, BioNTech; Fosun Pharma | Comirnaty [67,68,69] | 1a | 1b | 1c | |||||||||
| 2 | Moderna, U.S. Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) | mRNA-1273 [70,71] | 2a | 2b | ||||||||||
| 3 | Sinovac | CoronaVac [72,73,74] | 3a | 3b | 3c | |||||||||
| 4 | Beijing Institute of Biological Products; China National Pharmaceutical Group (Sinopharm) | BBIBP-CorV [75] | 4a | |||||||||||
| 5 | Bharat Biotech, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) | Covaxin [76] | 5a | |||||||||||
| 6 | Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune and Biological Products | CoviVac | 6a | |||||||||||
| 7 | Wuhan Institute of Biological Products; China National Pharmaceutical Group (Sinopharm) | Name yet to be announced | 7a | |||||||||||
| 8 | AstraZeneca, University of Oxford | AZD1222 [77] | 8a | |||||||||||
| 9 | Gamaleya Research Institute, Acellena Contract Drug Research and Development | Sputnik V [78] | 9a | |||||||||||
| 10 | Janssen Biotech Inc. - Janssen Pharmaceutical Company of Johnson & Johnson | Janssen COVID-19 Vaccine [79,80] | 10a | 10b | ||||||||||
| 11 | CanSino Biologics | Convidicea [81] | 11a | |||||||||||
| 12 | Anhui Zhifei Longcom Biopharmaceutical, Institute of Microbiology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences | ZF2001 [82] | 12a | |||||||||||
| 13 | Federal Budgetary Research Institution State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology | EpiVacCorona [83] | 13a | |||||||||||
| 14 | Medicago | CoVLP [84] | 14a | |||||||||||
| 15 | CureVac, GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) | CVnCoV [85] | 15a | |||||||||||
| 16 | AnGes, Inc., Osaka University and Takara Bio. | AG0302-COVID19 [86] | 16a | |||||||||||
| 17 | Clover Biopharmaceuticals | SCB-2019 [87] | 17a | |||||||||||
| 18 | Institute of Medical Biology at the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences | Name yet to be announced [88] | 18a | |||||||||||
| 19 | Zydus Cadila | ZyCoV-D [89] | 19a | |||||||||||
| 20 | ReiThera, Lazzaro Spallanzani National Institute for Infectious Diseases | GRAd-COV2 [90] | 20a | |||||||||||
| 21 | Finlay Vaccine Institute | Soberana 2 | 21a | |||||||||||
| 22 | Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems | QazCovid [91] | 22a | |||||||||||