. 2021 Apr 6;12(4):532. doi: 10.3390/genes12040532

Table 2.

Hypertension and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) association in Africa.

Gene	Chr Position	SNP	Alleles	Alt Allele Freq, Global (db. SNP)	Alt Allele Freq, African (db. SNP)	Cases No.	Controls	Association (p < 0.05)	Country	Author Year
AGT	1q42.2	rs2004776	C > G	0.410	0.487	782	2099	Yes	Uganda	Kayima et al., 2017 [33]
		rs4762	G > A	0.102	0.054	75	70	No	Algeria	Amrani et al., 2015 [34]
		rs699	A > G	0.705	0.903	202	204	No	Burkina Faso	Tchelougou et al., 2015 [35]
						612	612	No	Nigeria	Kooffreh et al., 2014 [36]
						81	178	No	Algeria	Meroufel et al., 2014 [37]
						110	93	No	Egypt	AbdRaboh et al. 2012 [38]
						39	22	No	Tunisia	ALrefai et al., 2010 [39]
						195	107	No	South African	Ranjith et al., 2004 [40]
AGTR1	3q24	rs5186	A > C	0.118	0.020	36	50	No	Cameroon	Ghogomu et al., 2016 [41]
						202	204	No	Burkina Faso	Tchelougou et al., 2015 [35]
						81	178	No	Algeria	Meroufel et al., 2014 [37]
						612	612	No	Nigeria	Kooffreh et al., 2014 [36]
						142	191	No	Tunisia	Mehri et al., 2012 [38]
						40	15	Yes	Egypt	Farrag et al., 2011 [42]
						195	107	No	South African	Ranjith et al., 2004 [40]
						NA	NA	Yes	Ghana	Williams et al., 2004 [43]
ACE	17q23.3	rs1799752	NA	NA	NA	202	204	Yes	Burkina Faso	Tchelougou et al., 2015 [35]
						217	161	Yes	Egypt	Zawilla et al., 2014 [44]
						110	93	No	Egypt	AbdRaboh et al. 2012
						40	21	Yes	Egypt	Badr et al., 2012 [45]
						142	191	No	Tunisia	Mehri et al., 2012 [38]
						40	40	Yes	Egypt	Bessa et al., 2009 [46]
						195	107	No	South African	Ranjith et al., 2004 [40]
NOS3	7q36.1	rs1799983	T > A	0.824	0.930	77	77	Yes	Algeria	Amrani-Midoun et al., 2019 [47]
						145	184	Yes	Morocco	Nassereddine et al., 2018 [25]
		rs2070744 intron 4 VNTR	C > T N/A	0.766 N/A	0.862 N/A	157	144	No No Yes	Sudan	Gamil et al., 2017 [48]
		rs1799983	T > A	0.824	0.930	70	30	Yes	Tunisia	ALrefai et al., 2016 [39]
		rs2070744	C > T	0.766	0.862	288	373	Yes	Tunisia	Jemaa et al., 2011 [49]
		rs1799983	NA	NA	NA	537	565	No	Tunisia	Sediri et al., 2010 [50]
		rs61722009	NA	NA	NA	295	395	Yes	Tunisia	Jemaa et al., 2009 [51]
MTHFR	1p36.3	rs1801133	G > A	0.245	0.090	82	72	No	Algeria	Amrani-Midoun et al., 2016 [52]
						189	598	Yes	Algeria	Lardjam-Hetraf et al.,2015 [53]
						101	102	Yes	Morocco	Nassereddine et al., 2015 [54]
						97	84	No	Egypt	Amin et al., 2012 [55]
ATP2B1	12q21.q23	rs2681472 rs17249754	A > G G > A	0.199 0.209	0.094 0.131	180	200	Yes Yes	Burkina Faso	Sombie et al., 2019 [3]
		rs2681492	T > C	0.208	0.126	782	2099	Yes	Uganda	Kayima et al., 2017 [33]
		rs17249754	G > A	0.209	0.131	189	598	Yes	Algeria	Lardjam-Hetraf et al.,2015 [53]
CLCNKB	1p36.3	rs12140311	A > T	0.098	0.214	213	545	Yes	Ghana	Sile et al., 2009 [56]
		rs34561376	G > A	0.082	0.142	213	545	No	Ghana	Sile et al., 2007 [57]
GNB3	12p13.31	rs5443	NA	NA	NA	388	425	No	Tunisia	Kabadou et al., 2013 [31]
		rs74837985	NA	NA	NA	40	40	Yes	Egypt	Bessa et al., 2009 [46]
CNNM2	10q24.32	rs11191548	T > C	0.152	0.025	782	2099	Yes	Uganda	Kayima et al., 2017 [33]
						189	598	Yes	Algeria	Lardjam-Hetraf et al.,2015 [53]
PLEKHA7	11p15.2	rs381815	C > A	0.206	0.190	782	2099	Yes	Uganda	Kayima et al., 2017 [33]
						189	598	Yes	Algeria	Lardjam-Hetraf et al.,2015 [53]
JAG1	20p12.2	rs1327235	A > G	0.464	0.494	782	2099	Yes	Uganda	Kayima et al., 2017 [33]
						189	598	Yes	Algeria	Lardjam-Hetraf et al.,2015 [53]
SCNN1B	16p12.2	rs149868979	NA	NA	NA	1468	471	Yes	South Africa	Jones et al., 2012 [58]
		rs1799979	C > T	0.007	0.024	519	514	No	South Africa	Nkeh et al., 2003 [59]
FGF5	4q21.21	rs1458038	C > T	0.230	0.037	782	2099	Yes	Uganda	Kayima et al., 2017 [33]
						189	598	Yes	Algeria	Lardjam-Hetraf et al.,2015 [53]
EBF1	5q33.3	rs11953630	C > A	0.07	0.180	782	2099	Yes	Uganda	Kayima et al., 2017 [33]
						189	598	Yes	Algeria	Lardjam-Hetraf et al.,2015 [53]
STK39	2q24.3	rs3754777	C > T	0.195	0.119	180	200	Yes	Burkina Faso	Sombie et al., 2019 [3]
APOA5	11q23.3	rs662799 rs3135506 rs2075291	G > A G > A C > A	0.837 0.056 0.011	0.884 0.067 0.002	149	134	Yes	Morocco	Ouatou et al., 2014 [60]
CDKAL1 IGF2BP2	6p22.3 3q27.2	rs7756992 rs4402960	A > G G > T	0.413 0.389	0.633 0.567	200	208	No	Tunisia	Lasram et al., 2015 [61]
TH	11p15.5	C824T	NA	NA	NA	200	202	No	South Africa	van Deventer et al., 2013 [62]
B2	14q32.1-q32.2	B₂ C-58T B₂ -9/+9	NA NA	NA NA	NA NA	88	77	Yes	South Africa	Moholisa et al., 2013 [63]
CYP11B2	8q24.3	rs1799998	A > G	0.347	0.189	537	565	Yes	Tunisia	Saidi et al., 2010 [64]
NPPA	1p12	rs748566461 C1364A C55A	NA	NA	NA	298	278	Yes	South Africa	Nkeh et al., 2002 [32]
CYP2C8	10q23.331	rs10509681 rs11572080	T > C C > T	0.046 0.046	0.008 0.008	NA	NA	Yes	Ghana	Williams et al., 2004 [43]
LEP	7q32.1	rs7799039	G > A	0.402	0.032	45	53	Yes	Tunisia	Ben et al., 2008 [65]
ADD1	4p16.3	rs4961	G > T	0.208	0.049	148	94	No	South Africa	Barlassina et al., 2000 [66]
ADRB2	5q32	rs1042713 rs1042714	G > A G > C	0.476 0.796	0.520 0.864	192	123	No	South Africa	Candy et al., 2000 [66]
SUB1 CEP83 IGFBP3 CHIC2	5p13.3 12q22 7p12.3 4q12	rs7726475 rs11837544 rs11977526 rs11725861	G > A T > A G > A A > G	0.187 0.081 0.442 0.169	0.024 0.216 0.326 0.181	782	2099	Yes	Uganda	Kayima et al., 2017 [33]
AGTR2	Xq23	rs11091046	NA	NA	NA	382	403	No	Tunisia	Kabadou et al., 2012 [67]
CPS1	2q34	rs1047891	C > A	0.289	0.368	NA	NA	Yes	Ghana	Williams et al., 2004 [43]
MOV10 SLC4A7 MECOM SLC39A8 GUCY1A1N PR3 HFE BAG6 CACNB2 PLCE1 CAND1 ARHGAP42 FES GOSR2 ZNF831 ULK4 CABCOCO1 SH2B3 TBX5 CSK ZNF652	1p13.2 3p24.1 3q26.2 4q24 4q32.1 19p13.3 6p22.2 6p21.33 10p12.33 10q23.33 12q14 11q22.1 15q26.1 17q21.32 20q13.32 3p22.1 10q21.2 12q24.12 12q24.21 15q24.1 17q21.32	rs2932538 rs13082711 rs419076 rs13107325 rs13139571 rs1173771 rs1799945 rs805303 rs4373814 rs932764 rs7129220 rs633185 rs2521501 rs17608766 rs6015450 rs3774372 rs4590817 rs3184504 rs10850411 rs1378942 rs12940887	A > C T > C T > A C > A C > A A > G C > G G > A G > C A > G G > A G > A A > C T > C A > G T > C G > C T > A T > C C > A C > T	0.830 0.120 0.584 0.024 0.211 0.661 0.073 0.436 0.512 0.428 0.058 0.639 0.213 0.054 0.098 0.173 0.110 0.853 0.470 0.245 0.185	0.842 0.036 0.450 0.002 0.129 0.795 0.011 0.643 0.613 0.184 0.052 0.804 0.223 0.010 0.205 0.197 0.190 0.981 0.346 0.026 0.048	189	598	Yes	Algeria	Lardjam-Hetraf et al., 2015 [53]